361 20 77964 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.II. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Nsaba Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.III. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Aburi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.IV. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Akropong Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.V. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Begoro Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 05.02.1895 Proper date: 05.02.1895 Description An account of the resource One of the points at stake in the negotiations with Asante was whether Asante might take up some other power's protection - he had just heard that an agreemant had been concluded restricting Asante to the British sphere of influence. He had also heard that the British had agreed to sell the Asantehene 30 tons of powder - he could not understand this, since Agogo, Nkoranza etc. were not being taken under British protectorate and it was clear the Asantehene wanted to get back the lost provinces. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VI..102 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Perregaux to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 08.10.1895 Proper date: 08.10.1895 Description An account of the resource Concerns a proposal to extend the east wing of the mission house at right angles in a two-storey building - shortage of accommodation caused partly by their having school boys from Asante Akim as house servants. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VI..104-105 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Abetifi Station Conference Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 07.10.1895 Proper date: 07.10.1895 Description An account of the resource Informs him that Stewart and Vroom were going to Kumasi with a letter which was more or less an ultimatum to accept a British resident by 31st October or have an expedition sent against him. The letter also contains what news the Governor has of the ambassadors sent to London by Asante (Ramseyer adds the marginal comment that the Ansahs are sons of the dead Prince Ansah, and of no good reputation). It informs him too that protection is being given to all the tribes who ask for it (Nkoranza specifidally named, also Bekwai and Adansi). Ramseyer can himself give this information to Yaw Sapong. The Kokofus are being told they can return to their lands under British protection. They are being given every encouragement to detach themselves and they will not be harmed by an expedition, providing they remain allof. Arms and a detachment of Hausas will probably be sent up to the Nkoranzas in order to make a flank attack on Kumasi if war breaks out. Rös’ letter had included information about the Kong people and the soldiers of Aberewa Opoku. Hodgson relies that Samory had sent messages seeking British friendship and trade with the coast. The Gyamanhene has sent messages asking for protection against Samory, but has been told that he is on the French side of the 'Anglo-French frontier' and unless he moves into British territory he must approach the French for help. There will probably be no arrangement between Samory and Kumasi - the messengers of Samory whom Ramseyer had heard had visited Kumasi were probably concerned with trade between Bonduku and Kumasi and since Samory wants free communication with the coast he will hardly do anything to offend the British Government. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VI..107 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Hodgson to Ramseyer Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 25.10.1895 Proper date: 25.10.1895 Description An account of the resource Celebrates Hodgson's letter, and suggests that stations be set up in Nkoranza and either Kumawu or Mampong. He also asks for additional staff in early 1896 — 3 missionaries, young, but experienced and practical men (he suggests Lochmann, Kurz and Lienhardt) and 3-4 local agents also - especially he must have 2 capable catechists for the immediate settlement of Nkoranza and Kumawu/Mampong after he and Perregaux have returned from a reconnaissance in early 1896. Subscripts to this letter – dated 12 Nov 1895 Müller curtly writes that there can be no question of reconnaissance or new stations while war clouds hang over the area. When the British are in control, then one station can be opened - Kumasi or Nkoranza. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VI..106 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Ramseyer to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..5 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of Benj. Ntow, Catechist at Tutu Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..6 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of William Tete, Active in the Akim outstations from 1877 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..7 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of F.A. Aye, Catechist in Akropong and Begoro Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..8 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of Joshua Adaye, Catechist in Aburi and Kukurantumi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..9 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of Joseph Labi, Catechist in Akim from 1880 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 16.01.1895 Proper date: 16.01.1895 Description An account of the resource A report on events in the Volta Region, especially relations with the German Regime, and acts of the latter. In view of the approaches made to Clerk by Baumann, an official of the German colonial regime, with regard to the founding of a station at Krakye (they would have to have Governmental permission, this would be willingly given, though schools must include a 5-year course in German), Müller has himself written an official letter to the regime acquainting them in general terms with the mission's plans to expand north & north-east of Buem, these including the objective of setting a European mission station in the area. A postscript to the letter includes the information on the activities of the German regime: 4th December - 4 European officers with 110 soldiers and 100 carriers arrived in Kpando. ‘On the Sunday’ officers went with 25 soldiers to the Ada merchants' village on the Volta, burnt it down, broke up their canoes; and, threw their salt into the water. The Amfoe people wrote a letter asking for the German flag, though would not come to Kpando for it since that might seem to be submitting to Dagadu of Kpando as well. The salvoes which accompanied the raising of the German flag caused a panic in Vakpo, where it was thought a war had started. 'On Tuesday' they came to Ntwumuru, and Lieutenant von Doering spoke in a friendly way, and said that now trade must come to the German coast to which all paths must be kept cleaned. No more should go to the English coast, and 'English' merchants must leave the district; 'because they were not only merchants but also political agitators'. That same day messengers came from Tafi saying that the Avatime people were going to fight them for having accepted the German flag. The entire company set out for Tafi overnight, accompanied by the Kpando and Anfoi people. But the Avatime chief went to Amedjofi and received a German flag from the missionaries. When the Germans set off for Wurupong a Herr Wöckel had to stay behind with yellow fever in Hall's house. The Germans are against the slave trade, and explained that in a German colony there were no slaves - everyone was free. Several slaves left their masters straight away and joined the German expedition. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..12 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 17.09.1895 Proper date: 17.09.1895 Description An account of the resource This is a comment on Basel Committee Protocol 1895 paragraph 34, which in turn was a reply to questions on slavery and pawning put by the Twi District Conference and Twi Synod in 1895. Müller's own comment on the situation that as with many laws if there is no plaintiff there is no judge. Once the laws over slavery were vigorously pursued by the regime, but for about the last 10 years the colonial officials have left the people in peace and administered the slavery law in a very superficial way. Müller himself in the late 1880s knew of a case in which the Anum chief had received 7 boys as pawns involved in a debt someone in Buem had incurred - Müller told the DC who said they were in good hands and took no action. It is true that the slaves often have it better than free people - and when they are adult they can run away. Another case occurred in Akropong where a number of boys were given to the Akropong chief as pawns - the DC himself freed them when an accusation was made (2 of them later served Müller himself as houseboys) but no punishment was levied on the people responsible. Pawning is still carried on, the often pawns run away and leave their families to pay the debt. And it may involve working any number of days in the week for the master. Because the legal sanctions against slavery the Christians have become involved in slavery and pawning once again, and represents a great danger to the employees of the mission, and the community elders. The question had almost been discussed in 1889 and several missionaries pressed this warmly, but it was shelved on the grounds that it would thus become public and the regime would begin to get the idea that slavery and pawning existed in the community. The people hold slaves and pawns in such a way of course that they cannot easily find out about it - especially on remote farming villages, or under the immediate control of other relatives. If they wanted to have a more exact idea of what was going on, they would have to hold a formal investigation in each station - and then it is not certain that they would find anything out. Nevertheless it is to be said that heathen and Christian alike make a great distinction between different families, and between free and unfree. This is even the case with the pastors, who show it most clearly when the marriage of their sons is in question. In Akropong over the recent years there has been a case of an elderly Christian, one of the better ones who was not elected to the Presbytery because of his slave ancestry even though the missionaries supported him - eventually he was elected in a compromise arrangement whereby another man with weak gifts, but from a higher status family, was elected presbyter at the same time. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..49-50 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel concerning Slaves and Pawns Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.01.1896 Proper date: 20.01.1896 Description An account of the resource 1024 members of the community of the district at the end of the year, 523 adults and 501 children, During the year the posting of Mischlich to Worawora occurred also catechist postings: Th. Asamoa to Amfoi, S. Adae to Ntwumuru, B. Adae from Ntwumuru to Guaman (Buem), H. Krong to Worawora as assistant to Mischlich. Bediako (teacher at Anum) had to be dismissed for misconduct; (he protested his innocence but the missionary consensus was that he was guilty). ‘In general it can be said that the local agents did their works on the other hand with many of them real loyalty was lacking often in the small things, and they have very little drive to increase their knowledge and to make progress, especially in term of a knowledge of the Word of God. Also in many of them the proper love for and joy in their work is lacking, likewise the appropriate missionary intentions.’ Many preaching journeys were undertaken, especially in the northern part of Buem, the Adele-Krakye area, and there were two long visits by Missionary Martin to the Botoku-Nkonya area (Abo & Konso). Boso, Kpalime, Tsate were visited 8-10 times by European missionaries, and altogether the local agents travelled on about 360 days in the year. The missionaries often had the impression, especially in their conversations with individuals, that they were keen to rid themselves of the 'burden of sin’, but lacked the power to break away (That this is not to be interpreted as meaning a burden of guilt.). Discussing the community in general, Rösler writes that the majority of Christians have abandoned the uncouth habits of the heathen - this is in fact the difference between the Christians and the heathen, though equally many heathen ways and attitudes have been brought into the community. The Christians on the whole do not recognise that the Word of God has a binding authority for them, and the lack independence in the Christian faiths, especially the wives, who on the whole have become Christian because their husbands were Christian, and now if their husband is excluded or there is a separation between husband and wife, usually leave the Salem for the town. The younger generation are causing anxiety through their haughty ways. The most fruitful area in the year was that between the Abo and Konsu, especially Kpandu with 4 adult baptisms and 3 children. The least fruitful was the immediate district around Anum, in the latter itself only 10 adults were baptised and there were at the time of writing 17 catechumens. In Anum the baptisms were mostly of younger married men. The complaints about Christians living far away on farms is repeated, and to it is added a complaint that those living on the station exhibit a similar lack of ‘spiritual hunger’ and do not attend morning prayers as they should. There is also a lack of the appropriate sense that Christians should be able to work together well - vide the lack of unanimity about the building of a new (and much needed) chapel. 3 Christians had to be excluded in the course of the year. Toseng - 6 baptisms, community now numbers 36. The chief problems are an old man, a Christian of long-standing, who cannot keep away from strong drink, and a young widow whose conduct leaves much to be desired. But the presbyter is a sturdy Christian who takes pains to maintain a proper order in the community, and there are several young pairs of Christians who by their peaceful common life give a good impression. In Boso the chapel is almost ready for consecration - it has cost £100, £20 having been granted from mission funds. The only substantial debts have been incurred over the furnishing, and the community is hoping to clear these it the consecration festival. Röslers's main complaint in this case is that the elders are so un-singleminded about sending their children to school. The lack of increase in the community is probably on account of the efforts which had been expected from the Christians in putting up the chapel. Kpalime - the community is in a constant state flux, with the older members either lapsing or being excluded and new ones taking their place. During the year Rösler was once called out late at night to make peace between the two factions in the community, which reflect the two factions existing in the surrounding countryside. One of the elders had to be deprived of office for dishonesty which had led him into debt. Their new chapel unfortunately collapsed during a heavy rainstorm. Tsate - during the year a situation was uncovered following from which 4 people had to be completely excluded from the community and 4 from taking communion. The presbyter knew about the situation for some time before, but had kept it secret in order not to damage the community. The teacher there, while teaching well in the school, has not the gifts to influence the community much. Vakpo - no longer the centre for the Bomme Christians, but was increased by 6 adult baptisms. Amfoi - a thriving new school, a community of 39, with 11 adult and one child baptism since the arrival of the new teacher. Kpando - 21 adult and 3 child baptisms – community now numbering 51. Little difficulty experienced in getting the new Christians to settle in the mission village, and the presbyter, a nephew of the chief, is a real help to the catechist. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..155 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Rösler's Report for the Year 1895 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 12.02.1895 Proper date: 12.02.1895 Description An account of the resource In the attachment is a copy of a letter from a Togo Government Official named Oertzen welcoming the idea that the Basel Mission extend its area of operations in the German Protectorate, specifically naming Amfoi, Kpando, Kete Krakye and Buem as possible district stations. (The letter is dated 4 Feb 1895). Jos. Müller explains in an appended note that he had only asked the question about extension in general terms, not naming any places, and only writing about one further possible station. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..122 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Station Conference Minutes Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.03.1895 Proper date: 20.03.1895 Description An account of the resource At a preaching in Amfoi he had discovered considerable support for the restoration of the school, and a form of words which seems to have implied that the elders were quite aware of the special role of the teacher in relation to the children, and furthermore accepted this as the way Christianity would enter their town (i.e. they accepted the content of the Christian message, but could not understand why the teacher had been taken away since there were so many children in their town). Part of the support for the teacher had come from an elder who had in fact sent two sons with the previous teacher when he was posted back to Akwapim - they were now in Class V in Late. The report is partly about problems and policy. It is known informally in the Volta Region and formally in Akropong that the Colonial Government in Togo wants the Basel Mission schools in its territory to teach German. Also it asks for financial support for the senior Volta Region pupils in Anum and Akropong – there were several who had either begun or were within two years of beginning the Middle School course. The latter include four from Vakpo, the most gifted of whom were a son and a nephew of a convert, the nephew being the son of the chief, and four from Ntwumuru. As a background to its suggestions, however, it offers a picture of the position of schools especially in the stations around Anum and between the Abo and the Konsu. The children, Martin writes, like children in Europe do not like the loss of freedom involved in going to school. But providing there is a teacher who understands them and loves them they soon get keen on school (He gives the impression theat the stick is used rarely). Their parents, however, and their maternal uncles, have aims in sending their children to school which differ from those of the missionaries. The main hope is that in 2 of 3 years they will have learned one or two of the high status languahes their parents want them to learn - Twi and English. Martin offers several examples of the value placed on the former. There is a boy from Dsake at the Kpalime School who does not go to the Bremen Schools as he should because his parents want him to learn Twi - this is the root of the wish of the people at Abofrom to be linked to the Basel Mission (via Tsate), and was behind the recent request from Sirikpo for a teacher (In this connection he complains that none of the mission agents have learned Ewe - even Hall, whom be regards as an excellent preacher and popular, uses an interpreter in the Ewe areas). One factor making for difficulty in the schools is that uncles are unwilling to see their nephews, who should make custom for them after their death and thus help to ensure them a proper status in the after-life, moving into the Christian community. Also he cites two cases of people who were rich enough not to worry whether their children went to school at all - one of them the richest man in Anum, who indulges in a lot of conspicuous hospitality to display his wealth. The Anum School has its own coffee plantations, and the boys have also cleared an area for a maize farm. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..123 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Martin's Report on the Situation vis-à-vis Schools in the Anum District Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 03.04.1895 Proper date: 03.04.1895 Description An account of the resource A report on a journey into Oboso and Krakye undertaken from 5th Feb to 6th March 1895. First night Kagyebi. Second, at Ahamasu, having passed through the ruins of Kwahu Dukoman villages. The Ahamasu chief was called Okra Kwame. He was greatly anxious at Clerk's appearance, having on his conscience an ordeal which had lately been inflicted on someone in Buem through his instrumentality. Clerk describes the village as having 15 huts, being ugly, but peopled by farmers and hunters who have enough to sell to travellers. The chief does nothing but sit in the village taking a toll from the strangers who pass through on the rubber trade. In response to Clerk's presence he promised no more to practice the Odum Ordeal, and offered him a son for schooling whom Clerk refused on the grounds that he was too old - he would wait two years for the next son, Third night after a five hour march through forest with plenty of game, Mpampawe, 15 round huts. His preaching and protest against the Ordeal was well received - indeed part of the people were willing to allow him to burn the bag containing the poison straight away. They promised him a schoolboy on his return journey. Fourth night after a seven hour march through Savanna spent in Brewaniase. This village has grown to approximately 80 huts following on several villages migrating here, plus people from Tagyang. The people were called out onto the streets preaching after the chief himself had gone round telling them that he would punish those who did not attend. The sermon was translated word for word into the Adele language. The chief afterwards said that he had no objection but that he was not independent, being under Kpelen and Tutukple, also since he had accepted the German flag he wished to do what the Europeans approved. Fifth day, after two hours march onto the Akebu hills, grass covered though with small woods in the valleys in which the rubber trees can be found. After 6 hours he reached Yanya which consisted of 3 poor huts, the only inhabitants that day being a sick man with two wives. One hour further away was Twifomari, a new village of 15 huts, friendly inhabitants but hardly anyone who spoke Twi. Sixth day after two hours they reached Yege and Bismarckburg. In the latter they received a friendly welcome from S. Amason. Seventh day, visited Kasenkye in the vicinity of Bismarckburg. The chief and elders were dead drunk. The town is one of the largest in Adele - when Clerk rang his bell for preaching he assembled 150 people, and afterwards the chief remarked that it was a good word but that he could not give an answer without consulting the fetish-wife in Kpelen. In this whole period Clerk had much difficulty finding anything out about the Adele language. He had apparently been asked to do some work in this field by Christaller, and remarks that no German official knows the language and that he could not find anyone who spoke both it and Twi. Clerk seems to have spent several days in Bismarckburg and the surrounding area. He paid visits to Timurumu (30 huts), Odome (25 huts) Nkwankura (35 huts). He enjoyed a warm welcome from the German official von Doering. He also entered into discussions as to the possibility of setting up a mission agent in the area with the local people. In Kpelen (60 huts) he was recognised from his previous visit, and received in a friendly way by the fetish-wife. She and her elders requested time to ask advice of the fetish priest of Dadease (the successor of the deceased Yapora). The reply was that they had been visited by the German officials and asked to give up their children (Clerk interpolates, presumably as servants), and they had given up the Ordeal. They did not want the mission on account of their worship of the fetishes. Clerk continued to press for children for the school, and eventually (dealing it seems mostly with chief Agba of Yege) was given two such. Towards the end of his stay Clerk was treated with considerable enmity at least by an individual during his public preaching. One problem was that Clerk was advised on all sides to give up his plan to leave the Bismarckburg vicinity in the direction of Anyanga and Foso. He could get no guide and interpreter, people said there were not Twi-speaking villages in that direction furthermore the king of Tagyang was an enemy of the white man and would probably treat Clerk as a spy. Actually at the time there was upheaval in the Tagyang area, and the roads through Atwati were closed. The king of Tagyang had sent 60 riders to the battlefield. He left Bismarckburg on February 19th, travelling via Kasenkyi and Koi to the first Atwati village Tsirana, a place of 110 huts. The chief there would allow them no peace until Clerk had preached. Next day they arrived in the capital of Atwati, Slate, composed of 90 huts, lying on a steep hill slope. The priest-chief was called Koranteng. After his preaching Koranteng told him that they served the fetish .Buruku, their town was surrounded on all sides by hills, like strong walls. They did not want to serve any God. Clerk replied that no-one would force him or his people to worship God, but would they like to have a mission agent resident in the area? Koranteng replied that once the Asantes sent ambassadors saying that they wanted to and two men here to live, on in Siare and the other in Adele. The Adele people allowed this to happen, but our ancestors gave the answer that they were not corn to need someone to look after them. What their ancestors had not allowed, they would not allow. Clerk then spent several days in Adome, an Atwati village of 60-70 huts. From there he visited the other Atwati villages (in spite of the reluctance of Koranteng and his elders that he should do so) namely Okwawu with 40 huts, Keri with 120 huts, Goklong with 130 huts, Aberewanko with 140 huts, Nyamo with 180 huts. During this period a message came from Agba of Yege asking that the two boys should be sent back temporarily since a fetish priest had declared that a recent heavy rain was the result of the spirit of the dead of Kontong who wanted them to perform a final custom for him before leaving. (Kontong was Agbe's predecessor). 25th February-2nd March - travelled through Korantae (Adele) (30 huts), Odumase (30-40 huts) Ketsiebi (60-70 huts), Tutukple (130 huts) to Krakye. His general impressions of Adele and Atwati: He is surprised at the meagre population - Adele and Tribu (2 Areas) together must number at most 3000. Atwati would number approximately the same. The responsibility for this lies with the ordeal - while he was in Atwati a woman died of it, and you frequently meet people travelling from village to village with the bag of poison, which they reverence as a god. The Asantes are not responsible for the depopulation, since out of fear of the local fetishes they did not wage war in this region. The people are heavily tattoed. From Dadease to Tutukple-they speak Twi but around Bismarckburg and Kpelen, and in Atwati, they speak very little Twi. He was not invited to introduce a mission agent, but since the chiefs are also the fetish priests this is not surprising - his interpreters always stumbled over the phrase in his preaching 'There is no fetish'. It is a healthy area, lying high up, and therefore it is neither necessary to find a hill for a mission-station, nor to build two storey mission houses. The goitre swellings which you see on the necks of local people are an indication of the height of the country. There-fore there is much to be said for the founding of a station - Clerk advises Adele (from which you can visit Anyanga and Foso, where the language - in the former at least - is Guang related to the language of Atwate). Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..143 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Clerk to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 10.04.1895 Proper date: 10.04.1895 Description An account of the resource Relays information from letters from von Doering & Amason, and a conversation with Mischlich about policy in Adele. Von Doering was angry with Agba for taking the boys back, and the elders after his intervention promised to send many boys to school - indeed three have arrived in Worawora. But von Doering has stipulated that missionaries in that area must be German speaking. Because of the lack of such people and the distance from Worawora, they have decided that there is no immediate prospect of sending anyone to be resident in that district, though there is a plan to settle somewhere in that region in the early months of 1896 since neither Buem nor Krakye seemed suitable for the establishment of a European station. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..144 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Clerk to Basel