359 20 77825 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..5 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of Benj. Ntow, Catechist at Tutu Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..6 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of William Tete, Active in the Akim outstations from 1877 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..7 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of F.A. Aye, Catechist in Akropong and Begoro Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..8 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of Joshua Adaye, Catechist in Aburi and Kukurantumi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..9 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Biography of Joseph Labi, Catechist in Akim from 1880 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 16.01.1895 Proper date: 16.01.1895 Description An account of the resource A report on events in the Volta Region, especially relations with the German Regime, and acts of the latter. In view of the approaches made to Clerk by Baumann, an official of the German colonial regime, with regard to the founding of a station at Krakye (they would have to have Governmental permission, this would be willingly given, though schools must include a 5-year course in German), Müller has himself written an official letter to the regime acquainting them in general terms with the mission's plans to expand north & north-east of Buem, these including the objective of setting a European mission station in the area. A postscript to the letter includes the information on the activities of the German regime: 4th December - 4 European officers with 110 soldiers and 100 carriers arrived in Kpando. ‘On the Sunday’ officers went with 25 soldiers to the Ada merchants' village on the Volta, burnt it down, broke up their canoes; and, threw their salt into the water. The Amfoe people wrote a letter asking for the German flag, though would not come to Kpando for it since that might seem to be submitting to Dagadu of Kpando as well. The salvoes which accompanied the raising of the German flag caused a panic in Vakpo, where it was thought a war had started. 'On Tuesday' they came to Ntwumuru, and Lieutenant von Doering spoke in a friendly way, and said that now trade must come to the German coast to which all paths must be kept cleaned. No more should go to the English coast, and 'English' merchants must leave the district; 'because they were not only merchants but also political agitators'. That same day messengers came from Tafi saying that the Avatime people were going to fight them for having accepted the German flag. The entire company set out for Tafi overnight, accompanied by the Kpando and Anfoi people. But the Avatime chief went to Amedjofi and received a German flag from the missionaries. When the Germans set off for Wurupong a Herr Wöckel had to stay behind with yellow fever in Hall's house. The Germans are against the slave trade, and explained that in a German colony there were no slaves - everyone was free. Several slaves left their masters straight away and joined the German expedition. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..12 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 17.09.1895 Proper date: 17.09.1895 Description An account of the resource This is a comment on Basel Committee Protocol 1895 paragraph 34, which in turn was a reply to questions on slavery and pawning put by the Twi District Conference and Twi Synod in 1895. Müller's own comment on the situation that as with many laws if there is no plaintiff there is no judge. Once the laws over slavery were vigorously pursued by the regime, but for about the last 10 years the colonial officials have left the people in peace and administered the slavery law in a very superficial way. Müller himself in the late 1880s knew of a case in which the Anum chief had received 7 boys as pawns involved in a debt someone in Buem had incurred - Müller told the DC who said they were in good hands and took no action. It is true that the slaves often have it better than free people - and when they are adult they can run away. Another case occurred in Akropong where a number of boys were given to the Akropong chief as pawns - the DC himself freed them when an accusation was made (2 of them later served Müller himself as houseboys) but no punishment was levied on the people responsible. Pawning is still carried on, the often pawns run away and leave their families to pay the debt. And it may involve working any number of days in the week for the master. Because the legal sanctions against slavery the Christians have become involved in slavery and pawning once again, and represents a great danger to the employees of the mission, and the community elders. The question had almost been discussed in 1889 and several missionaries pressed this warmly, but it was shelved on the grounds that it would thus become public and the regime would begin to get the idea that slavery and pawning existed in the community. The people hold slaves and pawns in such a way of course that they cannot easily find out about it - especially on remote farming villages, or under the immediate control of other relatives. If they wanted to have a more exact idea of what was going on, they would have to hold a formal investigation in each station - and then it is not certain that they would find anything out. Nevertheless it is to be said that heathen and Christian alike make a great distinction between different families, and between free and unfree. This is even the case with the pastors, who show it most clearly when the marriage of their sons is in question. In Akropong over the recent years there has been a case of an elderly Christian, one of the better ones who was not elected to the Presbytery because of his slave ancestry even though the missionaries supported him - eventually he was elected in a compromise arrangement whereby another man with weak gifts, but from a higher status family, was elected presbyter at the same time. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.I..49-50 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895: D-01.62a.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel concerning Slaves and Pawns Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.II. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Ga District Conference Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62a.III. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Christiansborg Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62b.IV. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62b - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Abokobi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62b.V. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62b - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Odumase Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.62b.VI. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.62b - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Ada Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.I. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Tschi District Conference Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.II. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Nsaba Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.III. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Aburi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63a.IV. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63a - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Akropong Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.V. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895 Title A name given to the resource Begoro Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.01.1896 Proper date: 20.01.1896 Description An account of the resource 1024 members of the community of the district at the end of the year, 523 adults and 501 children, During the year the posting of Mischlich to Worawora occurred also catechist postings: Th. Asamoa to Amfoi, S. Adae to Ntwumuru, B. Adae from Ntwumuru to Guaman (Buem), H. Krong to Worawora as assistant to Mischlich. Bediako (teacher at Anum) had to be dismissed for misconduct; (he protested his innocence but the missionary consensus was that he was guilty). ‘In general it can be said that the local agents did their works on the other hand with many of them real loyalty was lacking often in the small things, and they have very little drive to increase their knowledge and to make progress, especially in term of a knowledge of the Word of God. Also in many of them the proper love for and joy in their work is lacking, likewise the appropriate missionary intentions.’ Many preaching journeys were undertaken, especially in the northern part of Buem, the Adele-Krakye area, and there were two long visits by Missionary Martin to the Botoku-Nkonya area (Abo & Konso). Boso, Kpalime, Tsate were visited 8-10 times by European missionaries, and altogether the local agents travelled on about 360 days in the year. The missionaries often had the impression, especially in their conversations with individuals, that they were keen to rid themselves of the 'burden of sin’, but lacked the power to break away (That this is not to be interpreted as meaning a burden of guilt.). Discussing the community in general, Rösler writes that the majority of Christians have abandoned the uncouth habits of the heathen - this is in fact the difference between the Christians and the heathen, though equally many heathen ways and attitudes have been brought into the community. The Christians on the whole do not recognise that the Word of God has a binding authority for them, and the lack independence in the Christian faiths, especially the wives, who on the whole have become Christian because their husbands were Christian, and now if their husband is excluded or there is a separation between husband and wife, usually leave the Salem for the town. The younger generation are causing anxiety through their haughty ways. The most fruitful area in the year was that between the Abo and Konsu, especially Kpandu with 4 adult baptisms and 3 children. The least fruitful was the immediate district around Anum, in the latter itself only 10 adults were baptised and there were at the time of writing 17 catechumens. In Anum the baptisms were mostly of younger married men. The complaints about Christians living far away on farms is repeated, and to it is added a complaint that those living on the station exhibit a similar lack of ‘spiritual hunger’ and do not attend morning prayers as they should. There is also a lack of the appropriate sense that Christians should be able to work together well - vide the lack of unanimity about the building of a new (and much needed) chapel. 3 Christians had to be excluded in the course of the year. Toseng - 6 baptisms, community now numbers 36. The chief problems are an old man, a Christian of long-standing, who cannot keep away from strong drink, and a young widow whose conduct leaves much to be desired. But the presbyter is a sturdy Christian who takes pains to maintain a proper order in the community, and there are several young pairs of Christians who by their peaceful common life give a good impression. In Boso the chapel is almost ready for consecration - it has cost £100, £20 having been granted from mission funds. The only substantial debts have been incurred over the furnishing, and the community is hoping to clear these it the consecration festival. Röslers's main complaint in this case is that the elders are so un-singleminded about sending their children to school. The lack of increase in the community is probably on account of the efforts which had been expected from the Christians in putting up the chapel. Kpalime - the community is in a constant state flux, with the older members either lapsing or being excluded and new ones taking their place. During the year Rösler was once called out late at night to make peace between the two factions in the community, which reflect the two factions existing in the surrounding countryside. One of the elders had to be deprived of office for dishonesty which had led him into debt. Their new chapel unfortunately collapsed during a heavy rainstorm. Tsate - during the year a situation was uncovered following from which 4 people had to be completely excluded from the community and 4 from taking communion. The presbyter knew about the situation for some time before, but had kept it secret in order not to damage the community. The teacher there, while teaching well in the school, has not the gifts to influence the community much. Vakpo - no longer the centre for the Bomme Christians, but was increased by 6 adult baptisms. Amfoi - a thriving new school, a community of 39, with 11 adult and one child baptism since the arrival of the new teacher. Kpando - 21 adult and 3 child baptisms – community now numbering 51. Little difficulty experienced in getting the new Christians to settle in the mission village, and the presbyter, a nephew of the chief, is a real help to the catechist. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..155 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Rösler's Report for the Year 1895 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 13.02.1896 Proper date: 13.02.1896 Description An account of the resource A second part of this report concerning a Sunday spent in Kpando is printed as an appendix to the 1896 Annual Report. In general the best school is at Ntwumuru, where the new teacher even teaches the less-well gifted in their homes after hours and clearly understands how to appeal to children. The most worrying school is that at Boso. Best learned are the biblical texts, and songs, and the catechism. But how much they are understood is questionable - they are learned off by heart, so much so that in in the youngest class you only have to say the first few words of the first text in the list the children know and they take it up and recite without a break 50-100 texts. Arnold's Stories for little children and Barth's Bible Stories are treated in the same way. 'Hardly any of the teachers ever tells a story in his own sords in a lively way so as to awake peoples' interest'. The language problem is partly an excuse for this, but Martin judges that by the end of a year the children have made great strides in Twi, and he divides the Class I. syllabus into two years. Arithmetic is the subject worst done by both teachers and pupils. The report offers two case studies of boys converted through the contact with the Anum School. In the first, that of Adae of Vakpo, the boy’s father destroyed his fetishes and amulets without actually registering as a catechumen. The second, Kwasi Mensah, was a son of the chief in Ntwumuru, and Martin transmits an account of a letter he had written to his father as Martin heard of it from Hall. The letter advises his father to become a Christian rehearsing the familiar point about the nothingness of the fetishes, and saying that he saw evidence of God every day in nature, and in his own heart. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..156 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Martin's Report over School in the Anum Dstrict in 1895 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 12.02.1895 Proper date: 12.02.1895 Description An account of the resource In the attachment is a copy of a letter from a Togo Government Official named Oertzen welcoming the idea that the Basel Mission extend its area of operations in the German Protectorate, specifically naming Amfoi, Kpando, Kete Krakye and Buem as possible district stations. (The letter is dated 4 Feb 1895). Jos. Müller explains in an appended note that he had only asked the question about extension in general terms, not naming any places, and only writing about one further possible station. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.63b.VII..122 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.63b - Ghana 1895: D-01.63b.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Station Conference Minutes