356 20 77964 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.I. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892 Title A name given to the resource District Conference for the Twi Region Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.II. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892 Title A name given to the resource Nsaba Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.III. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892 Title A name given to the resource Aburi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.IV. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892 Title A name given to the resource Akropong Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.V. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892 Title A name given to the resource Begoro Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 14.02.1892 Proper date: 14.02.1892 Description An account of the resource There had been several dangerous illnesses among the European staff - Martin having repeated attacks of yellow fever and Mrs Rösler being dangerously ill after the birth of her first child. A new European missionary joined the station - Obrecht. Their work among the Kyerepongs and the Ewes is at a standstill. The latter he considers much more backward than the Twi people - the villages are dirtier, clothes are rarer, martial ethics less satisfactory. The adultery fee in Akwapim and Akim is £1 - among the Ewes 1s.3d. The women prefer not to have head-money paid in respect of them at marriage, so that they are free to leave their husbands if they wish. They have had a case in the Kpalime community in which a father wanted his son-in-law to help him over his debts – which the son-in-law-was willing to do, but the daughter objected, making it quite clear that she did not wish to be tied, to her husband in this way since she intended to go and live with someone else, and indeed has done this in spite of all warnings and advice on the part of the catechist. The Ewes are more bigotted fetish servers, and still keep up the custom that even if a man is killed accidentally, the killer’s house and farm are destroyed by the injured family and the man and his family is forced to flee the town for some time. Rösler offers a case of the latter at Vakpo, where the chief himself had been turned out of the best house in the town, because a son of the owner had accidentally shot someone during a funeral custom. The chiefs' in the Ewe areas are usually poor, having to work for themselves, and in fact chiefs are in name only - their subjects do what they like. They frequently pester the catechists etc. with their begging. In Nwumuru two of the people baptised in the preceding year have had to be excluded. The characteristic answer to pressing guestions is - when a teacher is living in the town then people will respond to the Christian message. And if a teacher is sent, it is then found that the response is indeed small - with efforts he can perhaps gather 6 scholars. People want to hold out for the gift of school material and clothes, and even money from the mission for food for scholars. The political situation has been somewhat better in the course of the year. For several months there has been a joint English-German boundary commission at work. Rösler says neither side are satisfied, especially the Germans. He heard from Graf von Pfeil that he wanted to make the boundary the Volta right down to the coast. The German complaint it that the English have got hold of the two major trading ports, Ada and Keta, without which the possession of the interior is not of much value. They are trying to divert trade to Lome, but with little success since it involves such a lot more travelling. The Peki king meanwhile continues to involve himself in the affairs of his old territories in the German Protectorate. Rösler also heard on a recent journey that the Germans have taken more active measures against the slave trade, and deported a leading slaver to Lome. The Bremen missionaries have been sent a form taking them to state what they know of the slave trade. Measures have also been taken against murders in Nkonya - several of the murderers have been transported to Lome. The total income from all types of offerings in the district was £56=6=5. Nevertheless it was a hard year for the community, who have suffered the twin catastrophes of drought and swarms of locusts. The former was so bad (it was the second drought year running) that the yams and plantains failed and people were driven to eating wild stock yams, or else buying food brought in from other areas. The locusts in the few days before writing the report had been passing Anum in swarms almost every day - he describes them as 6cm long, copper-red in colour, with grey wings. In Anum two adult men were baptised - one of them a fetish priest who had been a catechumen for two years, but had been held back because of his instability. 6 were excluded one on account of his cruel treatment of his heathen wife. There has been a deadlock over the choice of a new presbyter - the missionaries' candidate was refused, primarily by-the younger members, and their candidate was unacceptable to the missionaries on account of his illiteracy, his rare attendance at services, his heathen wife and children and his leadership of the younger people whenever there ware protests afoot. Sunday morning services are well attended, but not morning and evening prayers. Marriage palavers in the community had been fewer. At the beginning of the year in Anum a combination of circumstances had led to threats of physical violence being levelled against the community by the people of Anum. The latter were partly inspired by the drought and partly by the influenza epidemic to look for the cause of the displeasure of the fetishes - and there was a new king who wanted to exert his authority over the Christians. The thing complained about was the Christians’ possession of dogs and cotton clothes. Martin who was alone at the station at the time complained to the D.C. who arrived some days later, ruled that the Christians might keep their dogs and took away the ringleader of the riot. In Boso, the only increase came from the birth of children to Christians. Rösler is clearly puzzled by this, since street preaching is attended attentively by so many people. He.thinks many heathen may be waiting until the effort of building a chapel is over before joining the community. He is also not happy about the community - they are building a chapel to get themselves a good reputation among the other communities, and there is far too much friendship between Christian and heathen and indeed between Christians and the chief who is a cunning, man and knows that while this continues he has little to worry about. Kpalime has seen the exclusion of 4 adults and now stands at 5 adults and 44 children. They are troubled by uncompleted buildings -- both houses and a chapel. The presbyter needs more decisiveness and energy. Tsate makes a good impression and the community numbers 54 against a population in the decrepit heathen village of c100. Vakpo, very little progress - the few adults baptised during the year in fact are from Amfoe. There is a small school. For two years they have been trying to buy the land on which the catechist's house stands - and they still have not succeeded, the excuse given for the delay by the townspeople being that the land belongs to three different people who cannot agree on the price. The only Christian of Amfoe has gone to Boso to learn carpentry. In Kpando they have had much trouble through a disconsolate catechist, workers on his house who want to get as much money for wages as they can, and the townspeople who have not only not given the help they promised in the building of the house, but also insist on renting the land and not selling it. There are boys in the school, but these are mostly trader's sons, sent to learn English. 3 Kpando people have been baptised - one is one of the richest and most important people in the town, another is his wife. He is a trader too. Rösler fears he may have slaves. He thinks that Osman Kadi, the chief of the Kpando Mohammedans, exerts a cruel authority not only over his family and slaves, but also over the whole Mohammedan community, and is one of the central figures the slave trade in the district. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..137 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Rösler's Report for the Year 1892 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 13.01.1893 Proper date: 13.01.1893 Description An account of the resource Building - the walls of his house are finished, and those of the teacher's house soon will be - and in the course of the year they have built a chapel. They have had considerable help from the scholars and catechumens. In Worawora the entity is less than it was - in particular the hostile elder Ampesa is now friendly and has sent a boy to the school. The fetish priestesses are, however, still hostile, and certain Christians have suffered persecution. One youth was persuaded to lapse after being threatened with the block. A woman catechumen was promised a sheep and a slave if she would recant. James Kwame (baptised late in the year) was threatened with the loss of his bride, but he has refused to be intimidated saying constantly that he would rather not marry than either not become a Christian or go through the heathen marriage rituals. Guaman and Apeso have sent boys to the school, and Clerk judges that in the former and Gyasekan-Akura the doors would be open for them if he had assistants he could actually put to reside there. With the members of their own families they have 20 in the school - one boy had to be sent away tor theft - he was an ex-fetish priest and tried to be excused on the grounds that the fetish had made him do it. The community in Worawora consists of two baptised in the course of the year, and a-Methodist. Clerk has met 5 Christians in Buem - 3 Basel Christians (one of whom had lapsed) and 2 Methodists, and remarks that though the latter were very ignorant they had stood much firmer than the Basel Christians. They have 2 youths learning carpentry from Thomas Akyea, and three more learning the sawyer's trade. The other man baptised late in the year was called Charles Kofi. This was also the day of the consecration of the chapel, both events being attended by the chief and several elders - 4th December. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..138 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Clerk's Report for 1892 from Worawora Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 03.01.1893 Proper date: 03.01.1893 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..139 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Hall's Report for 1892 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 10.04.1892 Proper date: 10.04.1892 Description An account of the resource Includes the information that while the influenza was not severe, whole villages were bedridded with it at the same time. The started formal school in February. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..129 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Clerk to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 06.07.1892 Proper date: 06.07.1892 Description An account of the resource Reports that in Anum the influenz was claiming 3-4 people a day at its height, often young people, e.g. the chief Kwasi Kumit whom Martin describes as in the prime of life. His successor was middle-aged - Obese Kwasi. The bulk of the report is concerned with incidents between the Christians and the townspeople which are also outlined in Rösler’s Report (No. 137): - The chief was worried about the Christians' planting of atokol, a kind of millet which is planted in Salaga but only found growing wild near Anum usually. - The chiefs from the other quarters (Obese is said to have been from Apenkwa) were called Bomo (Amamforo) and Opoku (Ammoanna), - The blue baft had-part of at least – been bought by Christians from traders in Anum town. - The dogs were reckoned to have been brought back by Christians from Akwapim and Accra when returning from the Asante war. - Obese Kwasi had lived his whole time on the coast until his election as chief. - A deceased fetish priest-called Badu had worn blue baft - In the Sunday morning services they were saying prayers for the chief elders and the people. - The quarrel was really between the Christians and the elders - the king being silenced by a barrage of questions which led up to the futility of the prohibitions (he had himself kept dogs) and mutual assurances of good will. The confrontation between missionary and catechist and elders on the one side and chief and elders on the other took place in an atmosphere of tension, many elders and people shouting out that they would kill the dogs if they were not taken away. - When going to fetch water from the Volta (the Anum people were not letting them use their water sources, and they had told the Dodi people not him to let them get Volta water at Dodi), they went to the river by a side way through the farms of an Ada man who did not oppose them because he did not know about the business (The next day, however, they had to use water from the mission house cistern). In two skirmishes the leader of the rioters was a very rich man' from Amanforo called Nyako - The community from Boso, Kpalime and Tsate had brought water for the Anum community, and had arrived at the same time as a soldier and messenger from the English side of the Boundary Commission. These were sent to the chief and linguist of Amanforo. The German members of the Boundary Commission were visiting the Anum station and present when Martin first approached one of the English members (Hicks) and asked him for the intervention the English Government. (Hicks advice was apparently that the dogs should be sent to the protection of the DC at Akuse). When Martin sent a night messenger to Williams the ex-Akuse DC the same messenger was asked to survey his report to the German delegation too The situation was eventually pacified in a court held by Williams in Anum in which five leaders of the Anum heathens were bound over to keep the peace for a year on penalty of a £100 fine each. The Christians seem to have exercised a fair amount of discipline and self-control in the situation as Martin records it, though the arrival of the government messenger coincided with an explosive situation, and that because of this no real fighting broke out. Water pots were destroyed in numbers, but little else occurred. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..131 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Martin to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.08.1892 Proper date: 20.08.1892 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..133 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Hall to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 03.09.1892 Proper date: 03.09.1892 Description An account of the resource Part of this report is printed in Heidenbote 1892 pp20-21. Points not published: He repeats earlier material about the divisions among the Buems: 1. Worawora, Tapa, Apeso, and Asabo speak a corrupt Twi. Clerk thinks they have learned it from Kwahu Dukoman, but says the Worawoa people stem from Aburi, and thus from Akwamu, 2. The majority of the Buems speak Lepana (Aka Atonko, Guaman, Gyasekan (both parts), Borada. 3. The 3 Bowiri villages speak Liwri. 4. Apafo speaks Kepu Days of the week - Jorawora has a 6 day week, Apeso and the Lepanaphone a 5 day week, Kepuphone a 4 day week, and the Bowiris a 7 day week, the days having their Twi names. Naturally customs are different in the different parts of Buem. Clerk is describing mainly those that obtain in Worawora. Marriage Ceremonies: The husband sends repeated embassies to the parents of his intended, and when they respond positively gives -them a pot of palmwine and two mate. Especially if the girl is not yet adolescent, her attitude is not ascertained. From then on the young man must seek to please his parents-in-law by bringing them presents of palm nuts and firewood, and allowing himself to go for his father-in-law without payment when he has some duty to perform. The betrothal follows when the girl is fairly old. This happens when someone gives the parents in law on two separate occasions two sorts of rice dish, and two pots of palm wine. They are then divided among the girl’s relations. The bride is then rubbed with red powder from a certain tree, and this more or less ensures the marriage. After the girl has come to maturity the wedding is celebrated. After the day has been agreed the bridegroom goes to every hut in the village with the information - while the evening before the bride goes to the house of the bridegroom and is given beads and her bridal dress. Next day she both wears her new dress and is covered with the red powder over her whole body, and her hair is special cut. The bridegroom is shaved bald except for a small tuft of hair, and is wrapped in a red cloth. The bride is led before an earth mound in the courtyard of her father's house which is the location of the ancestral spirits, two hens are put on her head which she has to press with her own hands until they die. While she does this her friends dance round the mound crying 'Bameye' (Clerk notes that he has no idea of the meaning or origin of this word). These hens are cooked-as a sauce for a rice dish which is being prepared. Some of it is sacrificed to the ancestors. Then the bride is led into the bridegroom's room. A piece of rice-confection is put into both hands of each, and they must put it them with their mouths into a dish set before them. This dish is then carried before them so that they both eat from it simultaneously. After that they drink palm wine. Shortly after the elders come, palm-wine is sacrificed to the ancestors and one of the elders calls on them to bless the marriage, and after drinking palm wine, and having a representative make a speech advising the bridal pair to live in peace they leave. For the next 3 or 4 months the woman is to do no work other than spinning - the man must bring her food 3 or 4 times a day. She anoints herself with the red powder every day. After this the wife goes and stays with her mother, and the mother cooks for the bride to take food to the bridegroom, and at the end of the week the bridegroom brings his mother in law a large pot of rice and meat. The bride now stays with her mother until her husband has built his own house, and then the bride goes to him and sets up her own cooking place. Clerk remarks that many girls do not go to their husband’s house after marriage because he is too old or does not please them. This happens especially when the marriage has been arranged when a girl was very young. Many girls announce right before the marriage that they wish to marry someone else, but the parents do not allow this because they want their children to marry according to ancient custom, with the blessing of the elders. So there are always girls on the loose, not living, with their husbands, and "playing' with the youths. This is traditionally regarded as unchastity. The bridegroom ought not to go ahead under such circumstances, but he is charged by his friends with parsimony if he does not, also he can get 4-9 heads cowries adultery fees per case. Many girls love 'playing' too much to marry, but in Worawora it can happen that such a girl is simply carried off into the bush for a couple of days by a gang of youths (Clerk remarks that this has not happened since his arrival in Worawora not only he but the merchants have told the people what a scandal such a practice is). The better maidens search for a man with whom they are content and then take him a pot of waterman sign to start the marriage process on their behalf. Clerk remarks that people marry near relatives in Worawora. The whole town is composed of members of two great families (admittedly there are subdivisions) and it is seldom that a member's of one great family marries a member of the other, and then only under specific conditions. If anyone wants to separate from his wife, he takes her to a man who goes through a purifying rite on her behalf. This involves someone driving a long thick nail between her toes. This is calculated to force her to reveal a man who has committed adultery with her. If she has nothing.to confess she is sprinkled with white earth. If the woman has no children she must pay her husband 12 heads of Cowries. Arrangements about children: When a child is born, it is the obligation of the man to provide his wife for the week after the birth with rice, meat and firewood, whether she is in her parent’s house, or with a fetish priestess. As long as the child is weak and the wife cannot go to farm he must continue to bring her firewood. If the wife has borne many children he may give her now and again a piece of cloth for binding the children on her back - otherwise the wife has to provide this for herself. On the bringing up of children he remarks that the only usual punishment is swearing at the child, which of course the child soon learns and at the same time realises that the father is not in earnest in his discipline, because his brothers and sisters stand around enjoying the father's language. It is difficult to purge the language of their schoolchildren, and Clerk is worried that the children of the two Christian families should be exposed to this kind of language. He goes on to deal indirectly with the question of chastity, implying clearly that relations between adolescents only become a matter for concern if the rights of a husband or fiance are trespassed on - in the latter case rather than an adultery fee the fiance has the right to beat the offending man or boy with cudgels. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..134-135 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Clerk's Report to Basel on Customs in Buem Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: November 1892 Proper date: November 1892 Description An account of the resource He describes the Anyinam Terry in some detail, a real piece of 'African technology' (he clearly means this in a complimentary sense, offering the Twi ‘abibifio nyansa’). It is a raft 8’ square whose main timbers are three stout forked branches. While one arm lies in the water and thus carries the sticks which make up the platform, the others stand up at an angle of 45°, the cable, made of creepers, runs behind these arms, and so the ferryman needs no very great strength to get to the other side. (Ramseyer says he does this ‘with the help of the current’) First day from Begoro - only four hours through rain along hunters' paths (they had a guide and needed him) - spending half the day and the night in two wallless shelters. Second day the Akrum River had to be crossed on submerged tree trunk whose position was indicated by a creeper stretching across the river - at the lowest point of the crossing the fast-flowing river was up to Ramseyer's breast (the journey was being undertaken in the second half of May). They spent the night in the friendly hamlet Asesewa. Third day to Gyakiti (the Akwamu part of the trek is not noted in detail); Ramseyer meditating on the plunder of the Anum station attributes the appearance of doors and windows and mattresses in this area to that event. Fourth day to Anum crossing the Volta at Pese apparently with no difficulty about the supply of a canoe. Three day stay in Anum. Eighth day - Boso Kpalime, a Tonko village where Ramseyer met individuals he had known in the days of his Kumasi captivity - these were a people who had accepted the Asante overlordship only to find that part of them were sold into slavery to the west. In the troubles of the last few years many had been able to return to their home. They were forced to make a detour to the south of the Abo, since the river was too high to be crossed other than by boat. They slept is an unnamed village on the south side of the Abo Volta Confluence, much troubled by mosquitos. Ninth day - a three hour journey on the Volta in a canoe 20' long and 4' wide - they spent the night at Botoku. Tenth day - Tutunya, a smallish place, but the centre of a number of other nearby villages. No member of the community is from Tutunya itself, and the school is very small. Here he met his old Kumasi nurse, Abena (see the article 'From our advanced posts on the River Volta’ in Heidenbote 1893 p. 91). One aspect of this meeting not printed in Heidenbote- is the fact that on her elbows and knees this lady was wearing protective materials put there by the family of her late husband (died two months before). Ramseyer cut these off with his pocket knife, called the family to him and pointed out that it was God who had saved Abena from the Asantes and she should trust in him. Kpando did not make a good impression - many of the people there for trade have no good reputation and he considers that a place where there are coastal people and people from the interior makes for ‘hard ground'. The only Christian he met was an Anum carpenter. The same day they reached Ntwumuru where Ramseyer obviously feels the work is being well done, though because of the language problem there were pupils in the school who could not answer him a word. Eleventh day to Konsu via Wurupon, where they had a friendly conversation with the chief fetish priest. Ramseyer pressed him on the point that he does not shake hands with people. Kwame Akura at Konsu has few inhabitants but 'every day' is full of travellers going north or south so that it is often difficult to find a lodging, There were two groups of Mohammedans there the same night as Ramseyer, one with 3 nice horses. Twelfth day to Worawora, passing Akaa, the first town in Buem, and the best built, Among Clerk's Anum workmen are none who have worked on building before, especially no mason. Clerk he heard preaching that Christianity involved throwing off fear and indeed the Buem people live in a constant state of fear of poisoning, and fear to be seen slaughtering a chicken in case a neighbour sees them and concludes therefore that they have money. The Kwahus used to be like that but now though few Christians many laugh at their old fears. There is one flat-roofed house in Worawora, it belongs to the fetish priest. Thirteenth and fourteenth day in Worawora. Clerk reported that, were it not for slavery, more people would be becoming Christians. Boys were comping forward to school very slowly. Fiftenth day - to Gyasekan, where they preached against the Kwahu Dukoman war (Ramseyer reckoned Gyasekan took the lead in this). (He also remarks that Clerk was able to save some Kwahu Dukomanehe from death). Seventeenth day in Ntwumuru again (via Kwame Akura). The rest of the journey through Bremen territory to the east of the Basel Krepe stations. It includes the information that in a battle in the 1869-74 war around the hill called Gemmi the defenders killed several Asantes including a prince by rolling stone blocks down the hillside. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VII..136 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Ramseyer's Report of a Journey in the Anum District Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 16.03.1893 Proper date: 16.03.1893 Description An account of the resource Part of this report is printed as an annex to the 1893 Annual Report pp48ff with two case studies of converts. Changes in personnel - boarding master at Abetifi B. Martinson, Sam. Kwafo to Mpraeso, D. Okyere to Nkwatia P. Tieku to Asakraka, Imm Boakye from Kpalime to Bepong, Th. Asiedu from Bepong to Larteh. Land has been bought at Aduammoa after long delays due to the chief staying 'at the coast'. Abetifi - a father with five children was lost to the station partly because of the pressures of his wife and relative, but also because he disliked having to send his children to school. He moved away to a farming village. Another had to be excluded for adultery, but had caused them much worry beforehand. As a hunter he had a period of extraordinary success - in about 2 months he shot 6 buffalo (value £4 each) and as a result got prouder and prouder, and less and less disposed to accept the rulings of the presbyters and missionaries. Since his exclusion he has been severely wounded by an attack from a buffalo - all the Christians see this as the hand of God at work. Ramseyer continues to be worried about the 12 hunters they have in the community. They stay away so long (4-6 weeks at a time). Ramseyer understands they gain money that way, but he puts before them the text about what use it is if you win the whole world. A third man was excluded, though asked vehemently not to be sent away from the station. 15 adults and 6 heathen children were baptised. He thinks the spirit on the station is very good people who used to be proud take correction and advice with thanks, and go about their work quietly. The services are well attended including morning and evening prayers. He thinks almost everyone without exception attends the Sunday services and the weekly bible study and prayer meeting. The Mission Anniversary brought in £21 including a gift of £1 from the Kwahuhene. The year has been very unhealthy. In Nkwatia three adults were baptised, and two more previously excluded re-accepted. During the year members of a family left the station (two apparently excluded, the others going with them) after a man’s heathen wife had committed adultery, and the adultery fee was paid – according to regulations - into the community funds in the keeping of the Presbyters. Eventually the man's opposition to this came to a head in an incident when his nephew struck the Nkwatia catechist (the fee was £2). Ramseyer judges that with the pressure of Bowi's tyranny removed the mission is at a stillstand. Mpraeso and Atibie - Atibie ten baptised in the course of the year. (Nathaniel Odame from Atibie is the oldest Christian in Kwahu). They have bought new land in Mpraeso 150 yards from the old, since the Mpraeso Christians complained that the old land was not suitable for'a mission village. But only two have moved onto the new land. During theyear after strife between the Mpraeso chief and an underchief a new Mpraeso was built for part of the people, the other side of the mission land. Bepong - little information except considerable praise for Imm. Boakyea whom Ramseyer describes as 'well known'. More land was bought during the year. Obo - 6 adults and 4 heathen children baptised - two of the adults have moved onto mission land. Asakraka - out of a group of catechumens two lapsed after one of them had died of a stroke. James Boamma had wanted to give a present to the Abetifihene when he was posted to Bompata. His idea was a bottle of beer which Ramseyer forbade on the grounds that it was against the regulations, to give drink to a chief, and in any case, it did not come well from him who given drink up. He advised him to give him a light instead. Boamma had received his training from Perregaux, he was not very literate, and the chief was curious to know how he could work as an evangelist and be illiterate. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VI..125 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Ramseyer's Report of the Station in the Year 1892 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 24.01.1893 Proper date: 24.01.1893 Description An account of the resource During the year they had a case of a boy whose heathen mother was married to a Christian father and lived in the Abetifi Salem. When he was due to be promoted from the small-children’s school to the Boarding School his heathen relatives would not hear of it, and it transpired they planned to pawn him to cover a debt in the family. The missionaries having tried to dissuade them they appealed to the Abetifi chief to intervene, which he did, and the pawning plan dropped (The boy was called Xwaku Mensa, he unfortunately died soon after). This death, and that of a girl pupil’s, were both rather sudden, giving rise to sermons about the uncertainty of life. The mother committed adultery and was excluded from the station. He has been having discipline problems, partly over small things like washing before morning prayers and keeping their gardening tools accounted for and tidy. There was a more serious incident when during the yam festival in Abetifi the whole school went to the town without permission and could not be got back before evening. They were punished in this case by the refusal of permission to go the next day when the town feast took place. On the whole the older classes set a bad example to the younger. They have had a case of two boys who really wanted to come to school, and actually came back from the Christmas holidays early - Kofi Asante and Abrokwa, from-Nkwatia. Hassis says this is the first time he has seen this, so acutely - Asante had cried when some days after he had originally arrived his mother sent for him to go back to her, and the missionaries said he must come in person, which he never did. They are about 7 years old. There was a lady assistant teacher in the school. The numbers of pupils at the end of the year were 47 boarding pupils; 8 day boys and 17 girls. Quite large numbers all told were coming from the outstations (9). Heathen pressures are still brought to bear on the question of school attendance - e.g. an old lady took away her nephews son because the fetish was threatening her with death if this did not occur. Also there was a father who removed himself from the station and his children from the school on account of his opposition to school. The parents are not interested in what the children do in school. 6 boys from the upper part of the school were baptised. They are pleased with the way many boys who have attended the school for some time settle in the Salem, saying they do not like it in the town. (Salem is my short translation of the word 'Christian village’). Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VI..126 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Haasis' Report on the boarding School in Abetifi for the Year 1892 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 25.05.1892 Proper date: 25.05.1892 Description An account of the resource He sends a script through Basel for the Missionaire. He also mentions that he thought at first his uncle (Fritz Ramseyer) was too strict with the people, but he sees now that he is quite right in the way he goes to work. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VI..119 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Perregaux to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 09.08.1892 Proper date: 09.08.1892 Description An account of the resource Contains some information about his children. Their son Paul went to New Mexico to farm in June, with Ed. Perregaux' brother. Emmanuel is studying to be an architect. Rosy helps in the house. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VI..120 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Ramseyer to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 17.11.1892 Proper date: 17.11.1892 Description An account of the resource Description of the Mission Anniversary. Some weeks before the anniversary there was almost no-one in Abetifi because everyone had gone off to try to gain some money for the missionary anniversary offering - hunting fishing and carrying loads are the three occupations listed but he says there were others. The houses were whitewashed, there was a man’s chair and a mixed chair, and they were visited by staff and students of the Middle School in Begoro. Those that came in the dark the night before were welcomed with lanterns and torches (in spite of heavy rain). On the day before the Anniversary the Kwahuhene, Abetifihene, Mpraesohene came to greet the Christians and announce that they were coming to the festival - but they were all more or less drunk and Ramseyer received them coldly, would not receive them formally and they went away saying they would not return, though later the Christian elders and catechists went to them and explained what had offended Ramseyer. Perregaux clearly felt that the organisation of the hospitality was excellent. Actually in the middle of the festival the Kwahuhene and Abetifihene arrived in full state with drums and horns. Perregaux interprets this as being a reaction to the presence of youths from Akim. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.57.VI..122 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.57 - Ghana 1892: D-01.57.VI. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Perregaux to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.01.1893 Proper date: 20.01.1893 Description An account of the resource It includes a biography of Phil Kwabi. He was born a house slave, his mother having been stolen away from Akudome in Krepi by the Akwamus and sold to Akropong. (His birth date is given as 1834-6). He was given to Mader to bring up, entering the Catechist's Institute in 1851. He was able to buy his mother out of slavery, as she did not want to stay in Akropong, and she has been baptised since in Anum. He also bought his brothers and sisters out of slavery. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.58.I..20 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.58 - Ghana 1893: D-01.58.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Akropong Station Protocoll - Annex from Johannes Müller Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 12.01.1893 Proper date: 12.01.1893 Description An account of the resource He writes that he worked very happily with Kwabi - he has an 'inner life' and knows how to go about things with the people. Two problems emerged - that he was too fond of settling disputes, and also fond of dispensing medicine. Ramseyer considers he was inter al interested in the income to be obtained from both these activities. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.58.I..22 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.58 - Ghana 1893: D-01.58.I. - General District Conference for the Gold Coast Title A name given to the resource Ramseyer's Comments on Kwabi's Application for Ordination