344 20 77825 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 18.10.1886 Proper date: 18.10.1886 Description An account of the resource This report is printed in Heidenbote 1887 pp67ff. The printed version is a case study in relations between the mission and slavery in Kwahu before the Protectorate was declared. It also includes an exchange rate of 18 dollars to 90 Francs. Schmid mentions three proverbs - one is about the man who having been bitten by a snake now fears the earthworm. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.V..85 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.V. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Schmid to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 06.11.1886 Proper date: 06.11.1886 Description An account of the resource Describing the clothing in which Christians attend street-preaching. One was barefoot, bare-headed wearing only a blue and white striped cloth from Selaga, another wore a length of European cloth and a European hat: another wore with his cloth a straw cap from Lagos and a pair of sandals from Salaga or here, another wore trousers, jacket, coat, hat and shoes (although no socks or shirt) and had an umbrella, another with another selection of European clothes. Tschopp remarks that the way into Abetifi leads past some half-finished huts that were being put up at the time of the visit of Inspector Praetorius. There are 'several' coffee plantations fruiting twice yearly. He describes the prohibition against shooting the apes along the path into the town as connected with the fact that it is near a cemetery. The Dente shrine has been re-roofed and whitewashed recently. Describing the scene at street-preaching he says you see 'several' men weaving down an alley-way, and while some houses are broken down, others have sleeping quarters with only three walls (a palm-leaf woven fence serves for the 4th wall at night); some have no window openings at all; there are some neatly painted with white earth outside, and red earth inside, with window shutters, and carpentered doors. Judging by his emphasis on the numbers of people working although it was Sunday he lay a lot of emphasis on the correct observance of Sunday. One of the forms of seating for people listening to the street preaching were two elephants’ jaw-bones. Painting of parts of the body seems to have been fairly common - children had blue red or white stripes on their faces or the upper parts of their bodies, apparently as decoration; adults wore red rid stripes on their breast or shoulder as signs of mourning; children were entirely covered with white for decoration but for some religious purpose. Children were to be seen wearing leather amulets around their necks, and especially the small ones had their hair full of all manner of cowries and other things as a protection against accidents and ill-luck. Clearly the quiet which was a notable part of street-preaching in Kwahu did not extent to the whole environment. He reports a varied respons to the preaching - some are still firmly convinced that their fetishes are real, others are sceptical and believe that what the missionaries say is the truth. In September they passed, after street preaching, a party sacrificing to Dente. Tschopp reports the petitions as including one against useless work, for strength and success in hunting, health. Upon the missionaries striking up conversation with the people they expressed a variety of reactions, including the suggestion that the missionaries should leave everyone to follow his own god, and they should leave the old people alone - they can have the children. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.V..86 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.V. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Tschopp to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 10.12.1886 Proper date: 10.12.1886 Description An account of the resource Part I of this report concerns events in Adesawaase during the smallpox epidemic. It includes the information that there was a priest of Dente in Koforidua called Kwadwo Boadu - the Dente is described as 'imported from Krakye' and is linked with the Bepong community. The old man driven to Bepong was in fact Owu, ex-chief of Adesawaase. He had found himself there after being 'discovered’ by Kwadwo Boadua as the man who by magic had brought the small-pox to the village. He swore the king of Begoro's oath on the matter, but seems to have had little chance of turning the accusation aside. Kwadwo Boadu had said that a man and a woman had been guilty - as Schmid tells the story it sounds as if there was a time-lapse before the woman was discovered, and the discovery was taken (by the Begorohene presumably) as the condition of credence of the charge. A niece of Owu’s, Awo, was eventually declared to be guilty, and Owu then had to acquiesce in the matter. He and his niece and his brother Kwame Akwatia were all three banned to Agogo - the idea there was to remove them from the English protectorate, since if the colonial government heard about the matter it would take steps to rectify things. They were only escorted to Mpreaso, however, whence they went to Bepong, and Kwame Akwatia has been taken into a Christian home (by Abraham Sontim) and has announced himself as a catechumen. His knowledge is slight, but he holds fast to the idea that he wants to serve Jesus and serve no fetish. Twi further points in connection with this story are noteworthy. Kwame Akwatia had wives in several towns, but had never been regularly married. One of his places of residence had been the Akim Kotoku Boaru. Further in Adesawaase he had lodged with a fetish priestess called Kyerewa, who served a fetish called Kraba. The invitation which had brought Dente into the situation came from another fetish priestess Apea Korama who served Asare It was she who had identified the culprit as someone in the town but had not been able to identify the individual. Kwadwo Boadu had charged Fr. 270 for his services, but had accepted Fr. 135 when the villagers claimed they could not raise the higher amount. Another section of the report is devoted to the case of Johannes Afram, an excluded Christian of Mpraeso. Schmid writes that this case shows the need for care in exploring the motivation of the indigenous Christians - as if investigation of their motivation is a normal part of his approach especially when they are in the catechumenate. The case seems to have been one where more careful investigation would have doubted his seriousness altogether, for he committed adultery with no less than three women, two of them comparatively young members of Ph. Kwabi's household, one already betrothed to a younc Christian called Josef Apea, This all in spite of the fact that the husband of the first woman poisoned him and almost brought about his death. One point of possible anthropological interest is that after his serious illness Afram continued to have intimate relations with the wife of his poisoner, in spite of the fact that he had been forbidden to do so by the chief end elders. Whereon the husband'a mother swore an oath that Afram must have the woman (she hoped thereby to recover the money spent on the marriage), and when the husband tried to stop the loss of his wife by appealing to the elders to enforce their earlier decision, they said that the husband’s mother's oath had overruled their intervention. The last section of the report concerns marriage problems. There is no marriagable Christian girl among the Kwahus; marriage with Christian Akwapim or Akim girls does not occur. In the past special permission has been given (according to Schmid Eisenschmid wrote that this came from the Basel Committee) for Christian boys to marry heathen girls. This is not a situation out of which one can hope for much. 'The girls have a ferocious self-will and a power of abuse like a two-edged sword,' and there is not much hope that the husbands would show self-denying love, patience, meekness, easy temper, and thus bring peace to the household. Boys who have been to the Boarding School have a low reputation among both heathens and Christians. A particular marriage history is given to illustrate some of the difficulties. Benjamin Gyesaw, an Asante, was baptised in 1880, having learned carpentry during the building of the station. In 1881 he set out to marry a very young girl, a daughter of the second chief in Mpraeso. Gyesaw alienated her from her earlier betrothed, repayed him what he had spent on plus 50% satisfaction fee, and dashed a sheep to the fetish Amoa in Nkwatia, which was necessary because the girl had been given Amoa. Problems began to arise when there was apparently no issue to the marriage. They plagued each other and began to live apart fpr periods – she with her parents in Mpraeso, he on trading expeditions. She began to suspect of relations with another woman in Agogo which he visited often. The conflict increased - to prove the unfoundedness of his wife's charges that it was because of him that there were no children he fathered a child on an Abetifi woman - or at least she claimed that it was his child, but a statement of hers to that effect was not to be trusted – she was known as ‘Bird without a nest' to the people of Abetifi. Gyesaw was excluded - it then came to a battle between them in which both were wounded, and the wife returned to her parents in Mpraeso. The wife had for some time been a catechumen. When Schmid visited the family in Mpraeso he discovered to his consternation that Johnnnes Afram was the proposed new husband, and he fears that all his urging of moral considerations may prove powerless before the argument of Afram's money Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.V..87 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.V. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Schmid to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 10.12.1886 Proper date: 10.12.1886 Description An account of the resource Six Christians have had to be excluded in the six months since he came to Abetifi - he is now not surprised that Brother Marquart resigned through despair, though he feels he should have done more to gain the advice of an experienced man. Brother Eisenschmid stays up long into the night to deal with his correspondence. Schmid also lists the places in which he has preached and in some of which he has stayed the night: Aduamoa, Odumase, Obo, Tweneduruase, Obomeng, Nkwatim, Bepong, Mpraeso, Askraka, Ntoso, Tafo, Bokuruwai, Amama, Pepease, Nkwatanang, Saden Kura, Sadae, Abene. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.V..88 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.V. - Abetifi Title A name given to the resource Schmid to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: March 1887 Proper date: March 1887 Description An account of the resource Details of property: 20 Christian houses in the Begoro Christian village (homesteads). In Begoro the classrooms and housefather's lodging for the middle school had been built, the eating and sleeping rooms were in process of being built. In Tete land had been purchased in 1886. He glosses Apedwa as meaning Krobo and Wirekyireng only. In Asiakwa there are only few houses on the Mission's land. In Anyinasing mission land was bought in 1886, the same in Mmase, and Akim Akropong. The Begoro middle school staff consisted of D. Asong as housefather and Cat. Agyei at the end of 1886. In Klbi, out of 190 children of Christian parents 30 were attending the community school. In Asiakwa work on a more solid house for the catechist ceased firstly because the communities were not united in working on the house, secondly because so few of them have their own houses on mission land, thirdly because the existing house seemed adequate. In Kukurantumi the building of a school house had fallen through on the same grounds_- so many of the Christians are still living in the town. In Tafo the project to build a house for the evangelist had not been started, though the people had promised to start as early as 1885. There are no houses for local agents in Anyinasing, Asafo, Tete or Akropong or Banso, either. In Banso and Wirekyireng they are still involved in the negotiations leading to the purchase of a house. In discussing the mission land in Begoro Mohr writes that they could increase the earning by encouraging people to sell palm wine, but as missionaries they can scarcely do that. They obtain a small income from palms sold in order to draw palm wine - the current cost is 6d per tree (it is clear from the full text that the trees were being cut down). He raises the question what would happen if a man had prepared a coffee plantation on Mission land and was then excluded? And what does one do when a man is excluded after building a solid house in a Christian village? After the death of the Huppenbauers Sitzler was transferred to Begoro. In the first part or the year illness and death prevented anyone from trekking around the district for four months. Mullings and Ntow had been switched in the course of the year, end so were Tete of the Middle School and Asong, catechist at Asiakma. Ch. Agyei, the second teacher in the Middle School was from Aburi, newly graduated from the teachers' seminary; Teacher Ofe was posted from Asiakwa to Banso, Ewi was transferred to Abomosu. He was replaced after an interval by Boaboa. Monitor Obroni is now teacher in Kukurantumi, replacing teacher Oforidee who left the Mission to serve the Okyenhene. In his list of agents not transferred during the year Mohr names Evang. Odoto as work1ng in Akropong. Boakye has left Akim, and is working under Bohner among some Twi-speaking villages on the coast. Evang. Apeakese, having been refused admittance in Kade, has been marked for Nkwatanan. The problem in Kade is not straightforwardl enmity, but a wish to see what will become of the Asuum case before the British court. A recent mission visitor there reported that he was welcomed on a visit, especially by the younger people, Members of the mission travelled a total of 456 days in Akim during the year. Mohr complains about the morale of the bulk of the local agents, especially the younger ones. They have so little feeling of duty in their attitude to their work. The Akwapims all long to return home, though they are more respected in Akim than they would be in Akwspim. A continuing problem is that they go home for vacation, and tend to return late on account of 'illness', and an attempt to enforce on them bringing a medical certificate has not been successful. Their wives stay away from their husbands a lot, remaining in Akwapim. A Christian girl's great ambition is to marry a catechist, but this is because they believe that they will live more comfortably with a man with a secure income. He is worried that their employees say: 'Abrofo aware nko, na abibifio do nko' - a white man's marriage is different from a black man's. There was a complete increase during the year of 326, including 63 baptisms of heathen. The actual increase was only 111, bringing the total Christian community in Akim to 1413. Discussing the political difficulties which faced the Christians, Mohr points the fact that though people from Asuum had twice refused to attend Court in Accra, nothing had been done to force them to, had given many places fresh courage in the struggle against the Christians. Another major problem has been the extent to which the men have been away in the forest for months collecting rubber. The catechists' work in their place or residence has only been half done, and they have not had the heart to go on preaching tours much, because they find so few people. The fact that the literate members of congregations, especially, have been involved in the actual trading process has also harmed the congregations - these men have been using false weights, for example. In Begoro services have been well attended, and there were 6 baptisms of heathen. There are no marriage problems on the whole family life went forward peaceably. There were 11 deaths, two of children and two of Middle School pupils. School attendance is still a cross to be worn by both parents and children. There was no Mission Festival during the year. Begoro is the only alternative to Kibi, and it was not possible in Begoro, because of the lack of places for guests, and at times because so many people were absent from the station: Kibi - the total district (including Apapam, Apedwa, Asafo, Tete and Asiakwa) totalled 807 in the Christian community. Kibi itself experienced an increase of 13 in the course of the year, only three of whom were baptised heathens. An explanation of this was the fact that anyone becoming a Christian had to leave the vicinity of the king (presumably old Kibi) immediately. 17 people were excluded, mostly young married couples who simply refused to marry under the new English law. One serious problem is the number of Christian girls who are already pregnant at marriage. Ofori calculated that only 3 had not been pregnant at marriage in the last 4 years. Bosopem had been advising the Christians living in the ‘Christian quarter' (it now appears that this was part of old Kibi) to move to the Salem - he had long ago handed over his insignia of office to the Okyenhene, recognising that they were incompatible with being a presbyter. Now Bosompem and the Christians from the 'Christian quarter' are all back in the Christian village. He repeats the figure of 30 of the 190 possible children attending school. Apapam 2 they are satisfied with attendance at the school - heathen reaction still pugnacious. 108 in the community. Apedwa - the increase in the year was all at Wirekyireng. Asafo - several have lapsed rather than be involved in the building of a teacher's house - Mohr evidently feels the teacher is at fault. Tete --11 lapsed, but the remainder are staunch, in the face of considerable enmity. 41 in the community. Asiakwa - not an active community, but after several goats were killed when there was small pox in the town, the Christians decided to move onto the mission land. Many of the community are away travelling at any one time. School attendance is poor. Kukurantumd decrease of 17 to 106 in the community. Mmase - ll Christians who attend services in Kukurantumi. In Tafb-Osiem the Christians number 29, and the services are held in Tafo. Anyinasing g 14 Christians, and a particularly hard working evangelist (Amoa). In the Anyinam district are 100 Christians. In Anyinam itself the community numbered 41 with (before or after these deaths?) 7 deaths, mostly small pox. A problem in this town is that the many Asantes are very indifferent. Also many slaves come out of Kwahu, join themselves to the community but then resettle near Accra when they find their countrymen collected - e.g. in the Abokobi district. They feel safest near the Government, and indeed when troubles break out in Akim it is always these ex-slaves who feel it first. - Fankyeneko is at a stand-still. In Dwenase and Abompe there had been many catechumens but they lapsed at the time of the Kibi troubles. Nevertheless in Fankyenenko there were 2 adult baptisms, and in Dwenase 3. Kwabeng - 9 baptisms, and 12 catechumen. Seth has attracted loyalty among his pupils, and indeed when the troubles broke out they fled with him to Akropong. Tumfa - 23 in the community, several have lapsed. Akropong - 28 in the community. Takyiman — 18, all married, Banso - l7 Christians Asunafo - 53 in the community, all but one living in the Salem. Abomosu - a community has been re-established there in December 1886. It numbers 61, of whom 35 were children. Most Christians had 'remained true' - 10 had to do public penance after their re-acceptance, and the re-acceptance of 10 was postponed. Nkwatanang - the Christians there consist of Dapeakese and his family, a total of 7. He writes that at present the Anyinam-Asunafo-Abomosu Christians are at Abetifi. He had just received a letter from a member of the Apapam community which asked what was going to happen to those who had submitted - he had submitted, but then went away into the forest where he and some others have been praying and holding Sunday services. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..63 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr's Report for the Year 1886 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.01.1887 Proper date: 28.01.1887 Description An account of the resource Rösler writes about the change in teachers in terms of Agyei's having a high opinion of himself, and a lot of trouble being cause between himself and the pupils as a result. However he was prepared to accept Rösler’s investigation of what was occurring, and Rösler's encouragement to attempt to do things in a different way. At the end of the school year there were 18 pupils, of whom one - Elieser Agyemang refused to accept the discipline meted out to him for an incident, while the other, Gottlob Bre of Kwahu, returned to Khahu saying he was too old for school and asked for employment by the mission. 7 out of 9 pupils were accepted from the top class of the two schools, two had disqualified themselves by their conduct, including a son of the chief of Begoro. One of the pupils who died was Kames Amaning, who when asked if he feared to die said that he did not: his way was bright and prepared for him. 'He exhorted the pupils standing around him to obedience and industriousness, and repeatedly asked people to pray with him.’ The other death was of the senior pupils, Joshua Ampong, who died after a mere 5 days' illness. There was a lot of talk of poisoning. The pupils had undertaken a l7-day preaching tour of West Akim, partly to calm them after these deaths. On their return they visited Ata, who dashed them - greeted them in a friendly way, and exhorted them to obedience and industriousness. The Kibi school received 20 new pupils at the beginning of the new academic year, and the total number of pupils was 40 as a result. He gives a pathetic picture of a joyless Christmas in Kibi, with little water, and though the pupils held their own Christmas they did not feel the joy that the birth of the Saviour should bring with it. Now the school cannot begin again on 3lst January, because there is not a single Christian in Kibi. It cannot be even temporarily in Begoro, since there is not enough room even for the Middle School. The Christians furthermore have claimed that even if Ata lets them return to Kibi they will not, and want to settle in another place. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..64 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Rösler's Report on the Akim Boarding Schools in 1886 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 31.12.1886 Proper date: 31.12.1886 Description An account of the resource He has employed many native doctors in an attempt to cure the sores which his wife has around her neck and Dr. Fisch is unable to help also. He has left her with her parents in Akwapim. In Kukurantumi he had excluded 3 Christians who ha (been rubber collecting in the bush for 7 consecutive Sundays. A child died after falling into the fire. In Mmase there had been no tension between chief and Christians in the first part of the year. In Anyinasin the Christiane were catching fish from a forbidden river. He made a tour from 22nd November to 7th December: En route for Otumi he preached in several villages and was received cheerfully. The main object of the journey was to introduce Eyang. Apeakese to Otumi, but the chief there said he would not have an evangelist residing there. Mullings preached further at Asuum, Abomosu, and Asunafo without incident. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..65 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mullings' Report on his Work in Kukurantumi and Begoro in 1886 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 29.12.1886 Proper date: 29.12.1886 Description An account of the resource The report is dated 29 December 1887 but it must be from 1886. They had had difficulty collecting the Church Tax before the persecutions (it was impossible after), also several of the members were not present at home Sundays, leaving to work at other places. * Apapam on the other hand was a place where the Church Tax had been collected. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..67 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Ofori's Report for the Year 1886 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 25.02.1887 Proper date: 25.02.1887 Description An account of the resource This is an eye-witness account of the Kibi persecution. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..68 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Supplement to Ofori's Annual Report over the Period 29 December 1886 to 25 February 1887 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Contains a list of pupils with home towns, ages etc. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..69 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Ofei's Report on the Kibi Boys' Boarding School Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 31.12.1886 Proper date: 31.12.1886 Description An account of the resource Describing his community of 37 he writes that some of them are emancipated slaves from Kwahu. But they only stop in Anyinam for two or three years, and then go on ’to the wilderness' (marginal comment by a missionary 'he means the coast') 'to join their fellows; so they are lost to the community. Other Christians are Kwahus. There are only two Anyinam natives in the community. 2 Anyinam people are catechumen, two ex-slaves also, and some children. Of his 8 pupils in the community school, 3 had graduated to the Kibi school. Kwabeng - most of the children of the Christians are not baptised because the mothers are still heathen and will not allow it. Nevertheless there are 15-l7 scholars in Khabeng. He is well contented with the people in Asunafo. They work well together. 12-24 children in the community school. Both in Tumfa and Akropong there were exclusions for adultery. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..71 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Anora's Report on the Anyinam District in 1886 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 17.02.1886 Proper date: 17.02.1886 Description An account of the resource Concerning teacher Oforidee of Kukurantumi. Ata was wanting him to leave mission employment on the strength of having supported him for a year in the Wesleyan School in Cape Coast after he had voluntarily left the Middle School in Akropong. The situation was precipitated by the arrival of a bill for £30 from the school on Ata'a return from Lagos. The mission can see no alternative to letting Oforidee go; and acknowledge his wish - in the belief that service with Ata is liable to be of short duration – to be able to return to mission employment eventually is a fair one. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..50 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr to the Local Executive Commitee Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.02.1886 Date late: 02.03.1886 Proper date: 28.02.1886-02.03.1886 Description An account of the resource Eischenmid mentions biographical details of teacher Oforidee. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..51 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Subscripts to Mohr's Letter Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.05.1886 Proper date: 28.05.1886 Description An account of the resource He gives a definition of the geographical extent of the 5 Akim pastorates. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..53 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 01.06.1886 Proper date: 01.06.1886 Description An account of the resource Small pox had broken out in Kukurantumi and Osu. As a result 1aws were passed in Begoro: - All dogs were to be driven out of the town - For 40 days no-one was to go on trek so as to avoid having the small pox brought back into the town. - No drums were to be beaten in order not accidentally to call the small pox. - No fufu was to be pounded after sundown. The most serious impact on the missionaries was that all their traffic with the outside world had to be by means or non-Begoro people, a situation aggravated by the fact that before everyone had gone out after snails for a week. The Begoro chief did not as Ata had requested, announce that peace had been arranged between the two sides. And when cases were brought before him by the Christians, he did not accept them. For example the priest Otobo in Asamanmma had forced a catechumen from Osino to kiss the fetish, and it had taken some pressure to get the Begoro chief to take this up. When there were complaints that the Christians living in Begoro town had not sent their dogs away as requested, Mohr told the king he should deal with such people according to his law, and sometime later the law was issued that Christians should live outside the town. Mohr reports a lively building programme in progress on mission land, though says he will say no more about it until all Christians had settled on mission land - this had never happened in 8 years. They have 10 young people as catechumen, some married. He is trying to ensure that that most difficult thing, grasping the elements of reading, has been completed before they are baptised. On a visit to Kibi in early May he found few Christians present. Those who have no craft are all in the forests collecting rubber. A command has recently come from the Governor via the Okyenhene to stop cutting down trees to gather rubber; but Mohr has heard several people say that no-one follows them into the forest. The 38 pupils at the community school in Begoro have shrunk to 10-12 again. Mohr has had several conversations with Ata in the course of the half-year, and has wondered at his friendliness. But he is still as sly as a fox. The Asuum elders who went to Accra for their case deliberately went via Kibi and met the Okyenhene. Sometime later Imm. Boakye received a letter from the Governor which ran: 'His Excellency regrets that he should have cause to be conveyed to you the information, that he is not ignorant of the nature of the relations between yourself and the King, and I am to impress upon you as you reside in the territory over which the King resides as Head Chief, the necessity of adopting such a course of action as will enable you to live on terms of amicable relationship with him and his people. I am to add that his excellency is not prepared to support the carrying out of proceedings on your part having for their object the bringing about of a disturbance of the peaceful relations between the King and his people or yourself.’ The fetish priest involved had declared that his fetish would aid him in stepping the 'Word of God' getting into Asuum. The latest infonmation is that the elders of Asuum have declared their willingness to take the case before the Okyenhene. Since Mohr was last in Kibi in 1882 it has gone down a long way. There are probably more Christians than heathen, and he estimtes the population at 700 (360 in the community). If the Christians left the town there would be little left other than the Residence. It would, of course, be better if the Christians were all on mission land – especially for the children who would thus not have 'custom' all the time before their eyes. The report ends with a complaint about the way though you can hear people praising the missionaries for risking their lives in Akim, the chorus of Akwpaim people working in Akem is almost unanimous, of dislike and wish to return home. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..58 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr's Report to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 26.07.1886 Proper date: 26.07.1886 Description An account of the resource Two pupils had been dismissed from the Akim Middle School before Christmas 1885, and when the pupils returned for the next term they were in any frame of mind. However, after the presbyters of several of the most important congregations had visited Begoro and been told the reason for the dismissals they accepted them, and after a long conference with the pupils, the latter accepted that they should begin work (Except for one who left). Another came 14 days late, claimed he had been ill, but enquiry led to the point that he had been trading on the Coast. He too was expelled - Rösler remarks that all the boys would like to trade - they feel it is an easy way to make a living. Since the beginning of March, when Rösler began to= take a hand with the teaching, things have gone smoothly. Concerning the religious character of the boys, he considers it is a seed time, few of them show real signs of a spiritual life. Visiting the rest of the schools in Akim in June-July he wondered about the prospects of bringing in a system of fines for people who did not complete the course at the Kibi school. This would not be easy, since the bulk of the pupils have heathen parents. The Kukurantumi school has lost far fewer pupils than is usual - a measure of the unfortunateness of losing Oforidee (Rösler repeats Oforidee's history, naming the Cape Coast School as the Wesleyan High School. He was in 1886 the father of 3 children). Summing up the difficulties involved in running school: in Akim Rösler argues that the worth of the schools is not understood. In fact it is widely believed that if you go to school you become a catechist or teacher - and vice versa. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..59 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Rösler's Report on Schools in Akem Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 29.07.1886 Proper date: 29.07.1886 Description An account of the resource Forwards the text of a letter from Imm. Boakye in reply to the instructions posting him to Tafo (?). He is willing to go anywhere he is commanded, but no Akim town wants someone who has been expelled by the Asuums, and has also refused to serve the Okyenhene. Furthermore his goods are still in Asuum. ‘What will he go to Tafo with?’ He asks there either to be left in Kibi, or sent to Kwahu. Meantime, while the Asuum case is unsettled, the cause in Akim goes backwards. Mohr's commentary is that everyone is waiting for something to happen about Asuum - Boakye has been made the scapegoat unfairly - a deputation of Asaum Christians is on the way to Accra to prefer charges against the chief, their expenses shared by all the Akim congregations. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..54 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr to the District Präses (Chairman) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 29.07.1886 Proper date: 29.07.1886 Description An account of the resource A report of a conference of their local agents, which included an extended mask of studies for their evangelists. Mohr encouraged them to teach their catechumenate more biblical history, and sure of the life of Jesus: at the moment dares people at baptism were well informed on the catechism, but not the life of Jesus. Having fever one of the days he was forced to ask them to write a report on their community in letter form. He reports, that like many of the Basel Mission employees, they are not good at writing, and do not practice unless they have cause to write. He gave them some training in preaching, discussing especially what they should preach about, since he found they tended to preach from one group of texts - the Epistle e.g., or the Old Testament. Not one of them was preaching on the Words of Jesus. So he stressed the latter, and preaching descriptions of the Kingdom of God, and also the joyful news of the saviour from sin. In the part of the conference where the evangelists were encouraged to raise issues which worried them, Mohr mas happy to find that they all were interested in striving to create Christian villages. But the other point of major concern was the position over Asuum. Boakye pressed strongly for the missionaries' help in getting the matter sorted out, and so did a deputation of Asuum Christians who said that they had been prevented from going to get their property in their houses, and in any case did not want to leave since this would be a victory for the heathen. There was incomprehension why the English Government had done nothing when at Ata's re-enstoolment the English Officer had stressed that each side was to have complete religious freedom. – Ata had been operating in such a way that the Governor had wanted to keep out of the affair - when Boakye had gone to the Coast Ata had sent a letter to the Governor asking him to stay out of the case, he Ata had had repeated messages from Asuum that Boakye’s's property was safe, and that he could come to Asuum to fetch it away. The evangelists feared that more trouble would follow. They complain that they obey English law, pay their tax under English law before they marry, but are not properly protected. In the conference for pastors the first period was concerned with the congregational census records (generally filled in faultily - e.g. no distinction being made between adult and child baptisms), and the new forms of the Marriage Ordinance. Another session was concerned with marriage. The new Ordinance was one problem - it concerns only a small proportion of the population - the Christians – and involves the Akim Christians in long journeys to go through the proper procedure. So many are simply marrying, and though then excluded, are received back after a year provided they have conducted themselves well in the interim. The problem of the lack of Christian girls of marriageable age still affects some communities - in Begoro there has been only one Christian girl married, all the time Mohr has been on the station. Another problem is the lack of consistency over blessings of marriages, for of the 93 marriages of which Mohr is aware among Akim Christians, only 51 have been either concluded in church or blessed. Though a Christian married to a heathen could not have his marriage blessed, obviously some marriages between Christians are not blessed either. This is important, because the Christians themselves make a distinction between a blessed and an unblessed marriage, and the partners do not regard themselves as fully bound if they have not been through one of the Christian liturgies. This sort of marriage is called 'woanhyira so e', and is a sign that the parties do not trust each other fully, or perhaps have not yet been blessed with a child, since if they do not get children they will absolutely refuse to stick together. But the problem goes further than simply that. The marriages of several presbyters in Kibi and Asiakwa, Teachers Gyima and Oforidee," Evang.-candidate Apeakese are all not blessed. It would be difficult to enforce a general blessing of marriages - many would be against it. And many people want a small door behind them in case of difficulties. At a catechist's conference the missionaries suggested that their sermons were too long. Among the reasons for this offered by the catechists were insufficient preparation, and the habit of taking a long text and going through it verse by verse. Mohr reports one question raised by Catechist Anoba at another session - should he accept into the community in Anyinam slaves who have fled from their masters in Kwahu? Such slaves’ masters usually follow soon after, and then there is a 'palaver'. Anoba complained that since the bulk of these people are virtual1y unable to speak Twi instruction is virtually impossible, and he often gets into severe difficulties with their masters. Mohr replied that if he took in one of these poor people every now and again, that was only his duty. If they submitted to the rules he should not send them away. In the case of a woman with a child or children she should be sent on to Kukurantumi or better still Begoro, to be safe from the danger of her children being thieved away from her. He remarks in a digression that the 'Donko' families in Anyinam and Kukurantumi have an industriousness which is shown off to advantage by the Akim background. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..60 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr's Report to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 13.09.1886 Proper date: 13.09.1886 Description An account of the resource Reports a new intake into the Begoro Middle School. They were: John R. Fori, Winfrid Labi, Hansen Duro, Regnold Dame, Alex. Tani, Jacob Muni, Imm. Atakora. Samuel Ansa was the chief’s son from Begoro who was excluded for adultery. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..55 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Rösler to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: February 1887 Proper date: February 1887 Description An account of the resource The report on the persecutions of December 1886 is largely printed in the 1887 Annual Report pp 86ff. Additional points: The fetish priest involved in the early investigation of the theft was called Akwasiwa, and his fetish Tutu. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.45.IV..61 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.45 - Ghana 1886: D-01.45.IV. - Begoro Title A name given to the resource Mohr's Report