314 20 77825 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 03.06.1868 Proper date: 03.06.1868 Description An account of the resource He reports that the steep hill you climb on leaving Ahabante is called Kyatamya by the Ga-people. Koforidua is a small village, and deliberately built poorly, since a bigger settlement would attract the jealousy of the neighbouring tribes and cause border troubles. In Koforidua they were brought water to drink in a snail shell - he remarks that such large snails are an important food source in Akim, and that there was hardly anyone in Koforidua since everyone was out catching snails. The smoked snails are exported to Akwapim. Poultry is – as in Accra and Akwapim -- imported from the lower Volta. The grasscutter is much eaten, and dogs which Müller reports are imported into Akim for this purpose. Other forms of game are killed and eaten - Müller mentions a type of buffalo, though these are not much shot partly because it is dangerous, and partly because a man who has shot one is taunted. From their forests the Akims export gummi-copal and what is called 'Guinea grain' - a seed like laudanum, which is sold in Accra and Cape Coast and exported to Europe, though it fetches lower prices than East Indian laudanum in Europe (NB the gummi-copal he writes is exported chiefly to the USA where they pay very high prices for it). The route he describes is narrow, root ridden etc. They met no people between Koforidua and Kukurantumi, and no people between Kukurantumi and Asafo. The population centres which impressed them were the circle of villages around Kibi, and that around Asiakwa. He makes an estimate of populations based on the number of weapons in each town: Kukurantumi: alone 150 guns, including the surrounding district up to 3-4 hours, 340 guns. Kibi: alone 300 guns, including the surrounding district 850 guns. Asiakwa: alone 400 guns, including the surr. district 980 guns. Begoro, 700 guns Asiaman, 600 guns Akyase, 800 guns Asuom, 200 guns. Multiplying this figure by 5 (the proportion used in calculations about Akwapim, Müller does not say by whom) and one gets a total population of 22,000. Other missionaries have estimted 25,000, others higher still - he feels that 20-25,000 is the right estimate. He has checked this against the poll-tax estimates which give 13,364 for Kibi-Akim, and 7,935 for Gyadam-Akim. Since then the Kibi people may have increased, the Gyadam people either scattered or migrated to the western district. The population as a whole has probably remained about the same. Müller uses these figures having judged that the lists provided by the mulatto poll-tax collectors were too detailed to be falsified - they gave themselves too much trouble to have been doing the job dishonestly. If missionary estimates for Akwapim and Krobo make the poll-tax figures of 13,000 and 15,000 respectively seem too low, Müller is not sure that they are not too optimistic - he himself does not know of any certain grounds for the missionaries' arriving at the figures they have offered. He felt that Akim houses and villages have a pleasing aspect - cleaner than those in Akwapim and on the coast, in the better houses with the interior of the walls and the floors plastered with a shining red clay. Under the roofs are decorations of lattice work, representations of animals, and the doors too are decorated. The finest house they saw was that belonging to the chief in Asiakwa. Overall the Akim people made a good impression on them. True they were met by some coarseness in Kibi and Kukurantumi, but in Tette and Asiakwa the whole town turned out for preaching, and they were all clothed. Müller asked about the latter and learned that they put their clothes on out of courtesy for their European visitors. He reckoned there was an element of hospitality in their all being present at the preaching - nevertheless one is not treated with such consideration in Akwapim or on the coast. Perhaps the Akims are not so used to Europeans. Müller also writes about the gold—diggings. He arrived at the best time to see them and found, near Kibi, a place which sounded like a fair through the forest as they approached it - 300-400 people at work. The surface of the earth was a yellow clay, it was the underlying grey clay which was being washed for the gold. He remarks that there is no co-operative work by which larger holes are made, nor is any attempt made to find and work the gold-bearing quartz. Though the earth is honey-combed with holes in some places people do not join them up and so exploit the gold-bearing clay which lies in between them. The washing he describes as being done in wooden bowls 2’ in diameter with a shallow inverted cone, actually under the surface of the Berem, at least in the early stages. The wood used was the same as that used for canoes. Nuggets of up to 30 ounces are found - indeed a Gyadam miner found a 60 ounce nugget in 1859. Müller gives the vision of the worth of nuggets as 1/3 shares to the Okyenhene, the elders, and the miner - no mention-of Eisenschmid’s 'owners. Gold is the currency in Akim, silver is now used a little, following the introduction of silver by the mission, but it is gold which has to be used to buy provisions. Describing the Kibi station Müller reports inter al that the community consists of 10 adults, 25 boys in the boarding school and 7 girls. The coffee plantation has 6-800 tress, and yielded 200 pounds weight at the last harvest. The 10 adults include only 6 local people, none of whom live on the station. In Kukurantumi the Christians have begun to make their own coffee plantations. In Kibi he saw the Sunday street preaching, a regular service in the open air. About 90 heathen were present, all dressed. When parties of non-Kibi Akims are in town then the numbers of onlookers may be as many as 200. The School he thinks is good, and it would be better to keep it so rather than extending it and reducing standards owing to their lack of competent catechists. To this report is added a subscript by Missionary Schrenk, darted 10 July 1868. He clearly regards Kibi as a very good station, an ideal community. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20a.I..20 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20a - Ghana 1868: D-01.20a.I. - Africa Title A name given to the resource J. Müller's Report of a Journey to Akim in March 1868 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 09.01.1868 Proper date: 09.01.1868 Description An account of the resource According to the statistics, either there had been no new building, or only a catechist's house had been put up during the year. Klaus and Müller are listed as missionary residents: Obuobisa the catechist was absent at the time of writing. Members of the community are listed as 5 (there had been 6 in previous year), 2 communicants, plus 4 from other communities, 11 pupils in the school. Reports a major change in that over the last quarter of 1867 there was a much more active interest in the school. Previously fetish prohibitions had been feared by most parents, also they could not see any usefulness in education. (He says he cannot explain the change, though they have God to thank for it. He then goes on to describe what had happened in the last quarter without saying explicitly that the explanation lay in what had occurred) - in September the harmonium had arrived, and this increased attendance at services - there was something new to look at and hear. Also since there was no catechist, Müller got the few scholars who had been at school for some time, and could read, to read the bible before he preached at the open air services. This, and the pupils' singing, astounded the people, and aroused their interest. Many boys have said that they would attend schoool but have not yet got their parents’ permission. ‘Obviously some of the people feel nearer to us now, they feel we are not so strange, they have almost become confident in us and when people don't trust each other the work of salvation cannot be carried on’. Of course, the pupils are not yet catechumen, but Müller hopes that in time this will happen at least in some cases. It is an unfortunate fact that, as elsewhere, they have to pay the pupils for coming to school. Each one receives 1 head cowries each month (Müller gives the equivalent 2 franks 25 centimes), and the necessary clothes. The mothers usually cook the boys food – and tend to feel that the money payments are supposed to be enough for the food. But Müller has explained to them that they are just gifts, and he cannot raise them - as would be necessary if they were supposed to cover the cost of food. They do not believe this. Everything needs presents here, and indeed, many boys do not know their father, and their mothers are poor and have to look after themselves. So it is necessary to find a way to help the children. There are few properly organised families here. Their relations with the Anum people have been good: the only problem is that they are pestered for presents by the chief and elders. There are, however, many Ga people, mostly individuals who are escaping from debt or the results of some crime, and have lost all reputation and respectability in their own country. They live by theft and trade, do not farm for themselves, but try to find someone else to provide them with food. They mislead the Anum people into theft and lying, and the Anum people regard them as their teachers, for in the worldly skills of carpentry and building they are, in fact, ahead of them. Of the 4 Christians in the Anum community, all of them had lived 5 hours away, all but one has now moved to quarters at the mission. A child was born during the year to Christian parents: there are no catechumen. In talking about the slight effect of street-preaching, he remarks that really very few of the Anums understand Twi. For the last month the Bator road has been open, though not completely safe. There are two subscripts from Mader .The second concerns the language problem in Anum. He had visited the town, and conversed with people of both sexes in Twi. Muller's problem is that he does not yet Speak Twi properly. There is also a subscript from Schrenk which sees the Mission soon facing financial problems because of the rapid spontaneous expansion around Abokobi, and in that context regrets that Müller has adopted this expensive way of running a school — it will be almost impossible to withdraw from making these payments. He too feels Müller should learn the language. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..14 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Annual Report from Anum for 1867, written by J. Müller Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.01.1867 Proper date: 28.01.1867 Description An account of the resource Asks to be relieved of his duties as merchant, in order to be allowed to undertake proper missionary work. He is in Ho being on route for Keta with a convoy of 130 bales of cotton. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..2 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Klaus to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 21.03.1867 Proper date: 21.03.1867 Description An account of the resource Asks for a station library. History, commentaries and sermons, dictionaries of Greek and Hebrew, African travels, mission history, mission biographies wanted. Also books in English, especially for the Catechist who needs to have the opportunity to increase his understanding of Christianity, and also to increase his zeal. Books already pm the station are listed: Gesenius' Hebrew Lexicon is little use, since it uses Latin to explain the Hebrew: who wants to worry themselves with a Latin dictionary in Africa? A German Hebrew lexicon; would, on the other hand, be of the greatest use, especially in translating the Psalms into Twi. He lists other books they would appreciate. In a subscript Mader adds some titles to this list. Another subscript signed by Widman warns against sending too much while transport is so difficult. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..3 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 23.03.1867 Proper date: 23.03.1867 Description An account of the resource The report is completely printed in the Annual Report 1867, pp131-132. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..4 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Fetzer's Report for the First Quarter of 1867 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 26.03.1867 Proper date: 26.03.1867 Description An account of the resource Welcomes the receipt of a Basel letter dated 10th January 1967 on his prospective wife. The station had been incommunicado for 2 months before this letter arrived owing to the war situation. He asks that his wife should have had some training in midwifery before being sent out. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..5 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Fetzer to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 25.04.1867 Proper date: 25.04.1867 Description An account of the resource The first part of this report is printed, more or less verbatim, in the 1867 Annual Report, pp 129-130. Unprinted material in the concluding sections: He describes a journey northwards from Anum. Preaching in Bose and Dame - in the latter they were little understood since this is an Ewe-speaking Ayigbe village. In fact, the further north they went, the less Twi was understood. Notes that the population lives on the hills. Between Boso and their night's lodging, in Sohai, they had to cross a 4-hour plain, completely uninhabited, the path crossed only by game tracks, the vegetation stunted. At Sohai he suffered a heavy attack of fever, with dysentery and vomiting, so was unable to complete his plan to travel two days' further north to 'Tschomai' (Dsome, presumably). He learned, however, in Sohai, that the people there were Ewe speaking, though they would know a little Twi because of the frequent contacts with Asante. They also had no information to give about Dahomey. They knew what kingdom borders on Ayigbe, but knew nothing of Dahomey, and indeed the Bremen missionaries reckon that the nearest road to Dahomey leads from Ho, and takes 6 days. As for Asante - the nearest Asante town to Dsome must be a long way away from it. ‘Our work will therefore have to be concentrated on the Anum district.’ When relations with Akwamu are good, the work can be extended in that direction. There are a few fishing villages on the Volta, and of course the capital itself should be considered as a place for mission work. However, for the past 1 1/2 years there has been enmity between Anum and Akwamu, and no-one from Anum is prepared to run the risk of going there. Akwamu has barred the way to the sea to the mission, both on land and on the river. 6 months previously Fetzer had been driven back when he tried to pass the villages of Ogoli and Ananse which are in alliance with Akwamu. If possible, two catechists should be posted to Akwamu. This might make for a change of heart there. The Akwamu objective seems to be the restoration of Akwamu rule over Anum and Peki. At the moment they are having to pay large sums for transport of groceries and the post, and things are much delayed. But they have nothing certain to report about the war - there are many rumours. Only, the Anums seem quiet, and not worried about being attacked in the near future. They had attempted to start a school under the shade trees in Anum, but found out that the children had to have everything translated into Kyerepong. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..6 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller's Report for the First Quarter of 1867 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 21.05.1867 Proper date: 21.05.1867 Description An account of the resource Discussing the language question, he reports that not only their building workers, but also most of the house servants are Gas. Only a few of the station residents - including the boy who has been handed over to him, speak Twi. On the war there is little to report. They know the way to the coast has been blocked for the last quarter because of the Akwamu-Anlo hostility to the Gas. Nevertheless, one Ga worker did manage to bring in the March and April post in early May, after travelling through Anlo. The way to the North-West is unusable, since no-one lives there. They are still in contact with Ho, and will probably be able to use the Ho route to the coast for their mail and supplies. Early in May the Akwamus surprised Dodi in a dawn raid, and burned the town down. Whether Bose and Pekyi plan reprisals he does not know. On missionary work, they hope to baptise one of the Accra workers, a brother of the catechist, also an Anum youth who attends school. There are regularly many hearers when he preaches in Anum and the surrounding villages. This is not all curiosity: he is preaching on the coming of the Kingdom of heaven, and that has many attractive features compared with their world of lying chatter. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..7 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller's Report for the Second Quarter of 1867 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 18.06.1867 Proper date: 18.06.1867 Description An account of the resource The Basel Committee have suggested, in view of an earlier Anum report over unhealthy grass fields on the Mission land, that the Anum missionaries should encourage immigrants from other areas to come and cultivate the land. Müller explains how impracticable this idea is, in terms of the ease in which land can be acquired for farming, and the difficulties of keeping goats and sheep out of the patch of land in question. It is, in fact, near the Mission House; they get milk from their goats; to keep them out of a farm would require expensive fencing. He also explains how unsuitable the land is for farming: it is stony, and in various places the people break the stone for building. What they do with the grass is have it cut when it reaches 10': that costs little. Then in the dry season they burn it. Discussing the communications situation, he reports that they owe a lot to the friendliness of the Bremen brothers, who are bringing in their post and food supplies for them via Ho. He himself hopes to get through to Odumase in the near future by joining himself to a large number of Akems and Anums who are travelling out: the land way is closed to single travellers. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..8 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 05.08.1867 Proper date: 05.08.1867 Description An account of the resource His journey to the other Twi stations made difficult by the danger of travelling. His route: Anum-Pekyi, Pekyi-Abotia. At Abotia his Anum carriers were due to hand him over to Abotia carriers, who were to go with him on the route to Battor. But they refused, because of the danger, and he had to go on to Ho, and journey HoWaya-Anyako-Keta-Jellakofi. On the political situation: he would like to go to Akwamu to attempt to negotiate peace between the warring tribes. But this is a very difficult task - the enmity has lasted so long that it is has grown very complicated. The worst thing is that for several months now there has been a crowd of Akems in the vicinity of Akwamu with the objective of waging war on Akwamu. Recently they have been joined by about 100 Akem merchants who want to trade into Ewe country. From Catechist Obuobisa he learns that the intention of these people is not so much to attack Akwamu as to steal people, to plunder, and to rob, and to block the roads. However, they hope that Mr Freeman may be able to go to Akwamu and enquire into the situation. A subscript from J.A. Mader notes that he has met Freeman himself, at Abokobi, and asked him to go not just to Akwamu, but to Anum and Pekyi too. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..10 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller's Report for the Second Quarter of 1867 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 26.09.1867 Proper date: 26.09.1867 Description An account of the resource The Akwamu chief and elders had told him that if he tried to go north from Akwmu direct to Anum, he would be directly exposed to plunder and interference. So he managed to make his way from Battor to Pekyi on foot, with two men who agreed to accompany him in spite of the general opinion that the way was impossible. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..11 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.10.1867 Proper date: 28.10.1867 Description An account of the resource Concerns the problem of the housing of the catechist. The present catechist's house is uninhabitable, owing to damage to its roof. Müller proposes a new shingle roof, and with a house 42'x12' presents the budget. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..12 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.10.1867 Proper date: 28.10.1867 Description An account of the resource Reports the arrival of the harmonium. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..13 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 25.05.1866 Proper date: 25.05.1866 Description An account of the resource In this (misfiled) report Müller reports considerable opposition when passing a fetish site which was not in Anum itself. The site consisted of 3 large round stones laid one on top of another, surrounded by a fence. When he get near a crowd of men ran up to see what he would do, and when he tried to preach about the foolishness of worshipping stones, some ran away in anger, the others set up such a noise that he could not continue. His catechist had had the same experience at the same place. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.19b.IX..1 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.19b - Ghana 1867: D-01.19b.IX. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller's Report Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 17.02.1868 Proper date: 17.02.1868 Description An account of the resource Reports that with Krauss' illness he needs a catechist or teacher urgently. Someone who went to Battor would have frequent opportunities to travel to Anum. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20b.VIII..1 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20b - Ghana 1868: D-01.20b.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to the Mission's Executive Committee on the Gold Coast Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 06.03.1868 Proper date: 06.03.1868 Description An account of the resource On the problem of communicating with Anum, Schrenk feels there is a real danger to the life of a European if he crosses the river at Battor and uses that route to Anum. On the other hand 'Mr Hesse's Joseph' who returned from Krepi with the two carriers who brought Müller's letter (see Anum No 1) says that at the moment that route is open for indigenous travellers, though naturally he does not know for how long, & Schrenk reckons that in the long or short run they must expect it to be blockaded again. He feels that the regular way of contact with Anum must be via Keta, and that the budget should be revised accordingly - though in fact sending matarial via Keta does not cost too much more. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20a.I..9 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20a - Ghana 1868: D-01.20a.I. - Africa Title A name given to the resource Schrenk to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 14.04.1868 Proper date: 14.04.1868 Description An account of the resource Anum and its associated towns are all under arms. A month ago the fighting men moved out to a camp about 5 hours away. They have been joined by the Akem leader Dompre, with his 140 men. You already knew that earlier Dompre had been based on Asutsuare, plundering in that district. Peki has not yet joined this alliance, and so long as this is the case, not much will happen. The Anums feel themselves too weak to attack Akwamu unassisted. The army currently in camp amounts to 600-800 men. So far as one can know what is happening on the Akwamu side, they are ready to make peace. So at the moment they have nothing to fear besides extortion of money. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20b.VIII..3 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20b - Ghana 1868: D-01.20b.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 14.04.1868 Proper date: 14.04.1868 Description An account of the resource Reports Krauss' death. Describing the conditions under which Krauss was able to make a journey by river to Odumase in mid-April are printed in Heidenbote, 1868, p94. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20b.VII..4 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20b - Ghana 1868: D-01.20b.VII. - Odumase Title A name given to the resource Zimmermann to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 01.05.1868 Proper date: 01.05.1868 Description An account of the resource With subscripts from Müller (senior) and Schrenk discusses what action should be taken over Obuobisa, the catechist who had been absent from Anum since the middle of the previous year. The information relevant to the political situation south of Anum is: 1. That in March and early April he had tried to get to Anum and failed. 2. That when Schönhuth had returned to Anum by the Volta route after Krauss' death, he took with him the long standing Akwapim trading assistant from, and a new catechist, Chr. Asiedu, and a number of Gas also attached themselves to the party. Obuobisa however claimed to have had fever (he was in fact helping Christaller and not in bed) hence Asiedu's being sent - and hence the question of disciplinary action against Obuobisa. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20a.I..16 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20a - Ghana 1868: D-01.20a.I. - Africa Title A name given to the resource Mader to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 26.06.1868 Proper date: 26.06.1868 Description An account of the resource A detailed account of the troubles of the previous quarter. The call to arms had occurred at the height of Krauss' illness, when he needed two people by his bed day and night. Officially there was a fine of 110 heads of cowries (Müller gives as the equivalent 2 franks, 25 cents) on people who did not respond. The Anum 'King', however, allowed the Missionaries to retain as many men as they liked, when this was requested. Müller writes what a comfort it was to himself and to Krauss that the Christians helped look after the latter so carefully and so reliably. The plan to send Krauss by river to Odumase came from the chief and elders of Anum, when they heard that the plan was to take him via Ho to the coast. The missionaries' objected that the Akwamu people working the canoe might be taken captive by the Anums, but the Anums reassured them on this point. The downstream journey did, in fact, go on unmolested; the deceitful exploitation of the scheme on the Anum side only came to light later, and they didn’t not know if it was intended from the beginning. During the period of Schönhuth's absence (16th-30th April) a number of skirmishes took place between the Anums and the Akwamus. Müller remarks that when the men of Anum were called to arms, the white men were regarded as having duties too. The ‘King’ sent an embassy demanding 50 heads of cowries as war-tax; and this was not the first time this had happened, they have had such requests at least 10 times since the war began. They very rarely go away empty handed. Usually the request is for 100 heads (equivalent given: 105 fl.), and if nothing is given, violence is threatened. Since they looked very determined on this occasion, Müller gave them an ordinary present. 'I think it is well known that the fighting has been much increased by the involvement in it of an Akem chief who has sent his leader Dompre with 140 men.‘ Dompre was at Asutsuare for almost a year. The Akwamus took the field, but waited for reinforcement. The Anums, who also wanted reinforcements in order to attack Akwamu sent embassies to Dompre to get him to join them. When Dompre saw that his existing allies had left him in the lurch, he left Asutsuare, arriving in Anum in early March. Scarcely had he arrived when he sent embassies to the missionaries asking for help with his war-costs. ‘We told him that we did not know him. We also had requests from the groups who were watching Anum's Akwamu frontier. But we felt we had done enough when we paid taxes to the chief of Anum. Once Krauss and Schönhuth had set out, we also faced threats from the river-watchers, who wanted money.’ At that point Dompre and the greater part of the Anum army moved out against Akwamu. The Akwamus had camped at Ananse three hours east of Akwamu, and a number of battles were fought. The Anums gained the advantage, and destroyed the villages of that district. After that, both sides retired to their headquarters, but only to re-equip with munitions, so as to be able to finish what is, in fact, a war to the death. On Schönhut’s return the boat which took him from Pese to the Anum shore was destroyed by hostile Anums, and an Asante paddler was only freed from the threat of death when Schönhut paid a ransom of 80 heads of cowries (equivalent given - 200 franks). At Müller’s warning the Anum elders that God would punish them for not keeping their promises, they only laughed, saying the Asantes and Akwamus were their enemies and asking for more money. After a few days Dompre sent to have the Asante brought to his camp. The missionaries refused, and that very night organised his escape. One of the Christians from the station took the Asante man to an Asante village by a little used way. On his return the Christian reporter that he had been received with great hospitality, and that the chief of the village suggested that the missionaries should move to his town since they were being so badly treated in Anum. One of the Christians, called Henry, had been having difficulties. It all stemmed from the fact that the Gas (or a group of Gas) in the town were bent on revenge, since he had helped to uncover thefts committed by one of them when he worked as a clerk for Br. Krauss. The first occasion on which this enmity came to light occurred after the escape of the Asante man. Henry was called before the 'King', charged with having not stood to arms as he should, and fined 110 heads of cowries. Henry defended himself on the grounds of having been one of the four people who stayed on the station to help with Krauss, but he was judged guilty – Müller reckons the Gas had bribed the Anum 'King' to judge the case in this way. Henry, however, appealed to Dompre, who reckoned that he was innocent, and thus he did not have to pay the fine. (Müller says: ‘But since at that time, and still now, Dompre was the leader’). Next, Henry's wife was seized and bound by the Gas, but on this occasion Müller appealed to the senior elder of the town, who convened his fellow elders, and handed down the judgement that the Gas had no right to bind the woman, and she was set free. A few weeks before the letter was written there was another incident when money was extorted from the missionaries - they were straightforwardly threatened with violence if they did not pay willingly. Dompre asked for 300 heads, the Anum_'King' 50 heads, the river-watchers 100 heads, another group 60; after them some chiefs of lowlier rank with smaller demands. Anum badly needs an experienced man to run the station. A few days before the letter was written, the Anums had gone off again to a war-camp 5-6 hours away, their plans this time to attack the Akwamu capital. They are hoping for help from Akwapim and Akim, and Peki has now joined the alliance. Müller stresses that on the Anum side the plan is to drive the Akwanus away completely. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.20b.VIII..4 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.20b - Ghana 1868: D-01.20b.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller to Basel