313 20 77964 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18a.III. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18a - Ghana 1866 Title A name given to the resource Abokobi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18a.IV. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18a - Ghana 1866 Title A name given to the resource Akropong Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.V. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866 Title A name given to the resource Aburi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VI. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866 Title A name given to the resource Odumase Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 31.03.1866 Proper date: 31.03.1866 Description An account of the resource The report is printed as an annex to the 1866 Annual Report, pp60f. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..6 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Kromer's Report for the First Quarter of 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 27.03.1866 Proper date: 27.03.1866 Description An account of the resource The report is printed as far as it refers to Kibi as an annex to the 1866 Annual Report (pp 54ff). The additional unpublished material concerns Kukurantumi. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..3 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Eisenschmid's Report for the First Quarter of 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.03.1866 Proper date: 28.03.1866 Description An account of the resource Continues with the history of the Asafo-Kukurantumi land case. On 12th October 1865 the Kibi Christians woke the missionaries before dawn to appeal to them to intervene, because there was going to be a battle between Kukurantumi on the one side, and Asafo, Asiakwa and a few other places on the other. Christaller tells it the missionaries did indeed take the initiative, asking the Okyenhene to call his elders, advising him to act energetically (representatives were to be sent to both sides to swear the Okyenhene’s oath on them not to fight). Christaller then travelled to Asiakwa and Palmer to Kukurantumi, and while Duedu in Asiakwa set to work to hold back his people, Palmer found the Kukurantumi people about to join up with the Nnyinasin people and checked them till the Okyenhene's emissary arrived (Christaller adds in parenthesis that as an Akwapim the Kukurantumi people dared not do anything to injure him). 17th October Kromer wrote to the Kibi missionaries that the Kukurantumi people were grateful for their intervention. On the same day Eisenschmid went to Kukurantumi via Asafo with the part intention of acting as a mediator if possible. Since then the Okyenhene has done what he should have done all along - paid the Asafo people the sum they last asked for; then got it replaced by Ampaw. Since however the latter’s debts are laid on his people he has recently laid 29 1/2 dollars debt on the Christians. He reports the story of the Abomosu woman clubbed to death after being found guilty of killing by witchcraft, and Akuamma the King's slave who was found hanged in the forest. He reported on both in English, to the Gold Coast Prases, so that the government could be informed of the occurrences, including in the report the incidents surrounding Jonathan Asumen (see Eisenschmid’s report No. 3 above). On the Akuamma incident he repeats the point made by Eisenschmid that there was good ground for suggesting that it was no suicide - the cloth by which she was hanged was tied in a way a suicide could not possibly have done. He also remarks that such 'suicides' are not uncommon, even among the king's wives. In this case Akuamma had herself been convinced of her guilt. Christaller comments that any death occurring between childhood and the attaining of full years is suspected by the people to be unnatural. He adds that he did not report all this to Accra because he feels they should be active as informants on the doings of the Kibi government, but simply to help to create a situation where it was felt a resident should be placed in Kibi. He cites as parallels the Residents placed at the court of the independent native rulers in India, and the system on the Gold Coast at the time when Freeman was Civil Commandant in Accra, and when mulattos were stationed in some of the important provincial capitals . L. Hesse in Kibi, N. Holm in Akropong, and F. Briandt in Krobo. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..4 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Christaller's Report for the First Quarter of 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 19.11.1865 Proper date: 19.11.1865 Description An account of the resource Mentions the possible payment of the debt of 36 dollars by which the Kukurantumi Christian Paul Teaseye is pawned and the question sent to the Basel Committee for their answer since the money would have to be provided by them. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18a.I..12-13 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18a - Ghana 1866: D-01.18a.I. - General Conference (including Slave Emancipation Commission) Title A name given to the resource Kromer to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 23.03.1866 Proper date: 23.03.1866 Description An account of the resource Discussion about the buying free of a servant girl of Chr. Asante in Kibi. He had acquired her because he could get no-one to serve him, and Missionary Mader had suggested that buying someone with the slave emancipation fund would be the best plan. He had bought this particular eight-year old girl because she was a six-fingered child and when the Abompe people had brought her to Kibi, no-one else had wanted to buy her. The price involved was 26 dollars. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18a.I..15 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18a - Ghana 1866: D-01.18a.I. - General Conference (including Slave Emancipation Commission) Title A name given to the resource Station Conference Protocol concerning Kibi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 30.11.1865 Proper date: 30.11.1865 Description An account of the resource His first night out from Dauromadam was spent in the village of Onipaho, in a hut with no furnishings of any kind. Next day they called on the Akwamuhene, taking the customary gift. They were given a very friendly welcome. They asked for the Akwamuhene's protection on their journey, and were told this was assured if they paid the customary duties. They replied that as servants of the God of heaven, earth, the sea and rivers - to whom the Volta belonged - nothing should he demanded from them, though they would not disobey his law. They found these statements hard to accept. But they were given a friendly farewell, and invited to call on him again on the downstream journey. It was on the third day that they came to the 'landing place for Anum'. Both the existing missionaries were suffering from recurrent bouts of fever, with Brother Kraus looking very yellow. He himself suffered his first attack of fever after one week, a second after another week which laid him out for several days. In the existing small houses it is difficult to protect oneself from cold in the night. Describes the Anum people as 'self—sufficient and complacent' - 'they must have 50 fetish priests in the town'. The missionaries however offer 'freedom and salvation in the blood of Christ'. Kwabi is working hard with him on the Twi language, paying especial attention to the question of tone. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VIII..9 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Joh. Müller to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 30.11.1865 Proper date: 30.11.1865 Description An account of the resource The wish is expressed that the Committee in Basel would see its way to providing the Anum station with a harmonium. Müller obviously took the initiative in this, and writes how much it would cheer them in days of health and illness. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VIII..10 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Stations Conference Protocool Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 02.01.1866 Proper date: 02.01.1866 Description An account of the resource Gives total of children in the school (all boys) as 7, the number of communicants as 3, the total Christian community as 16. Health - Klaus is very sick indeed, and believed he was dying at the end of December. Fetzer and Müller himself have only small attacks of fever. Kwabi lives in a small building which is at the same time the school room, and the sleeping room of the pupils. He takes trouble with his work, which is holding services in the town, teaching in the school, and teaching Müller Twi. He also keeps the missionaries informed about the fetish opposition to them in the town. Of the 7 school pupils, 4 can read - the others have either recently started, or are little gifted. The pupils find it hard to learn anything by heart, but the missionaries want to keep on until at least they know a few proverbs, and the catechism. The fetish priests forbid children to go to the school hence the small numbers. Street preaching is carried on regularly to fluctuating numbers. Few have shown much interest — one young man was in debt to his uncle, who had to be brought round to allowing him to attend services. There are two or three people who would like to be baptised, but they have received no instruction from Müller himself, since there are difficulties in using English. But Müller reckons he can make himself understood in English with a little practice Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VIII..11 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Annual Report for 1865, written by Müller Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 08.01.1867 Proper date: 08.01.1867 Description An account of the resource In the course of the year Jonas Ako had come to Kibi as a teacher. The number of members of the community was 8 (25 in the previous year) with 13 communicants and 6 catechumens. There are 19 boys in the school (only 2 heathen) and 5 girls (all heathen). At Kukurantumi the catechist was in early 1867 Phillip Kwabi. The number of members of the community had risen from 12 to 15, with 7 communicants and 2 catechumens. There were 3 boys and 3 girls in the school. The school coffee plantation as large as it can be kept clean now, yielded its first fruit, and encouraged other Christians and heathen to lay out small plantations for themselves. After his wife's death Christaller left for Akropong, and the Kromers left for Europe in the new year 1867. Although not much travelling had been done, one or another of the missionaries had visited at least once in the following towns and villages - Asafo, Aaiakwa, Sadyumase, Tete, Apedwa, Dadantam, Apapam, Pano. Tete and Pano had been visited 6 times each. Catechist Asante from Kibi has been travelling regularly through the villages around Kibi. 3 of their local staff, Asante, Kwabi and Ako were especially satisfactory, Eisenschmid’s writing in very warm terms about Asante's assistance. Ewyi had been dismissed, but was showing real signs of penitence, and attending services more often than before if anything. Palmer had also caused difficulties, and was currently under investigation. The movements of numbers in the communities - in Kibi there were 6 baptisms, one of a child of Asante's, the other 5 school boys (Dan. Adukwabena, Nathaniel Amakya, Timotheo Antwi, David Apeakese, Wilhelm Apeawia), though these numbers were balanced by the losses caused by the removal of Jon. Palmer and Christaller. Three people moved onto the station, besides Ako, Alexander Dato from Akropong and Immanuel Adern from Kukurantumi. In Kukurantumi, besides Andreas Ewyi, Jonas Pabi was excluded; this loss was balanced by the coming of Kwabi and the baptism of 3 children. One of the latter was a child, who his mother having died bearing him, the heathen regarded as a cursed child and would have killed him had it not been for Kromer's adopting him. Picturing the life of the community Eisenschmid reports regular attendance at Sunday and daily services, and an excellent relationship with the missionary (presumably himself) especially among the younger members. The latter often gather at his house in the evenings in order to sing, hear him tell stories, play games, pray. He cannot see much zeal for mission work among the people themselves, however. In Kibi they have had to take no serious action against misconduct, but in Kukurantumi, besides the two excluded, two other men had to be excluded from Holy Communion for a short while for marrying heathen wives, against the order of the community (Mose Badu and Samuel Otemeng). Another (Josua Abisaw) was found guilty of theft. 2 Christians were bought free from slavery after the money to do so had been lent by the missionaries – Paul Teaseye from Kukurantumi and Jonathan Asumang from Kibi. They have a harmonium in the chapel in Kibi (given by a Dr Hauschildt), and have been preaching mostly on Sundays from the second year's syllabus in the Sunday gospel. There is pressure to be taken on as house-servants with time to go to school by both boys and girls in Kibi. The 7 new boys in the School are listed by Eisenschmid: Yaw Koi from Boadua came quite off his own bat asking for admittance into the Boarding School. 13-15 years old, already attending baptismal instruction. Abosompem, the son of an elderly catechumen who after much delay - during which the missionaries warned him against idleness - was eventually allowed by his uncle to attend school. Immanuel Adern, already having done several year's schooling in Kukurantumi. Stephan Saki ex-servant of Christallers (his fellow ex-Christaller servant became a carpenter's apprentice with Eisenschmid). Alexander Doto, an Akim boy who came back after schooling and baptism in Akropong. A young man from Asiakwa who came asking to be baptised and allowed into the school and persisted with the latter. Konamoa from Apapem (Eisenschmid is clearly rather impressed with the character of the latter). In Kukurantumi all the scholars were house servants of Kromer. Christmas was a major celebration, with the Okyenhene visiting them, and many other heathen. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..25 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Eisenschmid's Report for the Year 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 03.05.1866 Proper date: 03.05.1866 Description An account of the resource The missionaries had been called on to explain why they had excluded men for marrying heathen women when no Christian women were available. They cite paragraph 89 of the order of the community. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..7 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Staiton's Conference Minute Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 26.05.1866 Proper date: 26.05.1866 Description An account of the resource They have 5 servant-girls, who attend school in the mornings and learn needlework with Mrs Eisenschmid in the afternoons. The school in Kibi stands at 9 boarding boys, 6 boys who are servants of the missionaries, and 9 girls who are servants of the Eisenschmid and Asante families. Their attainments range from people only just learning the letters to those who can sit down and read the New Testament. Eisenschmid’s religious instruction involves the teaching of texts from the “Calwer Spruchbuch”. The most advanced learn English, on which they work very hard. Reporting on the community, he writes a page in praise of Mose Teko, the man who is married to a slave from Kukurantumi. He is 'quiet and modest’. The marriage has broken up following the birth of a child and Teko's refusal to offer the customary gifts to a fetish. The wife became ill with constant sores on her feet, and he was blamed for making the fetish angry. There is also a catechumen who has been a frequent attender at services and street preaching - he is a youngish man. There is another, rather older, who is regarded as a Christian. He is himself a house-slave, but has two slaves of his own. He has been deterred from becoming a Christian because of the need he feels he will have for these when he is old. Now he contemplates giving them back to his master and marrying to take care of the problem of old age. A third man, the brother of Noe Asante, reads his New Testament regularly, and is frequently buying books. But he is the king's drummer; and it is therefore difficult for him. They have good opportunities to preach to a wide range of people from all parts of Akim because there has been a case concerning the Okyenhene's brother Asase which has involved most Akim chiefs. He has also been preaching regularly in Pano and Tete, and clearly had not got to expect any reaction of substance when a man came to him and said that had heard Kromer also preaching on the Fall, accompanied Eisenschmid to the next village in order to hear further preaching, and accompanied him back again. Kukurantumi he describes as a town where the people are always looking for ways to earn themselves money - they have large farms and catch snails. There was an epidemic of guinea-worm which quite closed the school in the second quarter of the year, coinciding as it did with Kromer's taking about half the pupils (his servants) away to Akwapim when he was forced to travel there for his health. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..9 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Eisenschmid's Report for the Second Quarter of 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 28.06.1866 Proper date: 28.06.1866 Description An account of the resource Reporting on the Kibi school, Mader writes that their performance in Biblical History was good to very good. Most children could tell whole stories in a vivid way. In arithmetic Mader considered that Asante had got the Second Class (younger pupils) further than Eisenschmid had got the Third Class. Their geographical syllabus was the Holy Land - Mader offers a description of a teacher (Asante) 'leading his pupils around the map in a lively way'. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..11 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Mader's Report as School Inspector in Akim Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 22.09.1866 Proper date: 22.09.1866 Description An account of the resource Includes the point that Kwabi was the catechist involved in the founding of the Tutu outstation of Aburi. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..17 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Christaller to Kromer and Eisenschmid Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 29.09.1866 Proper date: 29.09.1866 Description An account of the resource Includes a sketchy description of his wife surrounded by the girls they have in the house sewing while she tells them stories perhaps from Europe, or they sing together. One important happening in the quarter was Ata’s serious illness - at one time Christaller and Eisenschmid had little hope he would survive. They were asked for medecine, and during his period of weakness sent him each day a bowl of nourishing soup. When he began to recover he called the fetish priests of Akim together to find out from what the illness had stemmed - their reply was that the ancestors were displeased with the harshness with which he had dealt with Asase (still at that time in the block). He was released, but forbidden to leave Kibi without king Ata's permission, Eisenschmid saw other customs being performed to assist in Ata's recovery - 100 women bringing water from the Berem to pour it out on the street, and a few days later a similar crowd of women took the rubbish from the streets and poured it into the Berem. Eisenschmid still had the entry to Ata, and once when he found a white hen impaled on a stick outside the palace he chided him for superstition which made the air foul, when he could have had the hen turned into a strengthening soup. Ata had said since his illness how much he valued the display of love in the bringing of soup etc., but Eisenschmid writes that he is sadly no nearer the Christian faith through his illness. The five recent baptisms (all schoolboys): Kodjo Amaku (Nathaniel) a son of a slave of a sister of Ata's. Eisenschmid describes a change from a wild boy (he was 14 at time of baptism) who ran away from school several times but was brought back every time by his mistress to someone who is no longer proud, has done them small pleasing things of his own volition, and is modest and friendly. The elder (Jacobo) described him as having had a dream following which he was heartened about becoming a Christian. Kwame Antwi, 12 years old from Kwabeng, entered the school at the beginning of 1864. A warm-hearted and obedient chap, of satisfactory conduct (Christian name Timotheo). (Daniel) Adu Kwabenai, c13 years old, son of a Kibi elder. Not very gifted, but has a good grasp of Christian truth and prays for himself. (David) Apenkese, c11 years old, from the house of a Kibi elder. (Wilhelm) Apanwia, 9-10 years old, a son of Ata. Very open and friendly. Eisenschmid clearly feels that these are a very hopeful bunch of boys. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..21 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Eisenschmid's Report for the Third Quarter 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 01.10.1866 Proper date: 01.10.1866 Description An account of the resource Continues with his review of the legal situation in Akim, and legal proceedings. His hope of a British Resident cannot be realised - the British have neither the interest nor the capacity time nor means to act in such a way. This, however, creates a serious situation for the traditional states – the Colonial law has taken the power of life and death out of the hands of the chiefs, but there is no harmonising of the two legal systems and the problems which result from this measure. This can only bring the traditional law into disrepute and damage the actual conduct of private and public affairs. One case in Kibi in which this problem arose concerned a slave Ofori, whom Ata had sent to claim for him the hand of a certain beautiful girl in marriage. Ofori had done this - but then had intimate relations with the girl himself. The missionaries were called to the Ahenfie when this case was being tried, and heard Ofori’s open admission of guilt. Ata then asked their opinion (it turned out that certain elders had asked him to do this) on his sentence which was that since he could no longer behead Ofori he must go away and shoot himself. The missionaries advised that this would be contrary to the English law, and after stormy scene in which Ata shouted that he would never have them advise him in legal proceedings again, they made their point on the grounds that Asase (at that time in Cape Coast) could only be strengthened by Ata falling into disgrace by carrying out this sentence. The other case he discusses is that of Asase and his brother Ado. Over a period of 20 years Asase had been recognised as the heir to Ata I by the Okyenhene and his elders. When however Ata I died, poisoned by crocodile gall taken because he had leprosy, Asase was passed over due, to his too great youth, and his bad character, and his twin brother Ata II made chief. He had already once tried to establish himself as the Okyenhene in 1843, having himself declared in Apedwa while Ata I was at the coast. After that he went to the coast, and was a soldier first with the Danes, and then with the English (Crossed out is the sentence that he had been for a short time a worker under Mohr in the building at Akropong). He would have travelled to Europe itself from Cape Coast if he had not lacked the money. After the death of Ata I he returned to Akim, and the present king received him with honour as his closest male relative, and sent an ambassador from himself with him as he toured Akira making presents to the chiefs. His wicked character showed itself even at this time, for an under-chief of good reputation, whose present to him was not of satisfactory quality. He drove out of his village into the bush, whereby the underchief almost lost an eye. Over the last couple of years he has been extorting money from peoples, not paying the slightest heed to accusations and summonses, went to Nsaba, the chief town of Fante Agana and fell out with the chief there on account of Asase's lack of gratitude and shamelessness, after which he moved to the Akim town of Asiaman. There he extorted 300 dollars from some Kotoku people on the grounds that the Governor had authorised him to fine them because they were carrying on trade with Asante at Awurahae on the Volta, captured and sold Akim people, gave out that he was the king of Akim, mishandled Ata's messenger, taking from him his sword of office with its golden shaft, saying he would be depositing it in the English fort. His brother Ado meantime had settled in another town on the routes between Akim and the coast, seizing Akim people and selling them. At the illtreatment of his messenger Ata collected his army, surprised 'Asase and Ado, captured, them, and brought them back to Kibi. In Asiaman they found letters from the Governor to Ata which Asase had seized, and letters written to the Governor by Asase which claimed that Ata had joined the Asantes. On June 21st Ata listed the charges against Asase and Ado a two hour speech. (The missionaries were invited to this and subsequent sessions, and in part attended them). There were 46 charges against Asase, including two cold-blooded murders in 1865, one of a slave of Ata's, another of his own wife. (Christaller notes in parenthesis that he was mainly responsible for the slaughter of the Asante hostages in 1863). Against Ado were the charges inter al that he had had a man held over a fire so long that he had died, and that he had held his wife over a fire so long that she had fled and put herself under the fetish of Obosomase (Akwapim) - both events took place in Obosomase. They were both declared completely guilty by the 'Akim people' and were fined 42 thalers of gold dust, a large sheep, and rum. But then they had the problem of what to do with them. They could not execute them as the elders wanted, but neither was it much use sending them to the Governor, because with frequent changes of personnel they would almost certainly be freed before long, and the problem would start up again. Then followed Ata's illness and the freeing of the two men (see Eisenschmid's report No 21 above). What was to follow time would show. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VII..22 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Christaller's Report for the Third Quarter 1866 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 09.01.1867 Proper date: 09.01.1867 Description An account of the resource Statistics give four buildings: A house for two married missionaries, a store for trade goods, a range of rooms for the missionaries' servants, the catechist, the scholars, and a room 'outside the courtyard' used for the school. Three missionaries, the catechist Tim. Obobisa, 8 pupils, and 15 members of the community (of whom 12 are communicants), most of them seem to be members of other communities in Anum on account of the mission buildings or its trading activities. Most of the mission land is and will remain simply grassland, since the workers who have been planting maize will soon be leaving Anum (presumably this refers to the people involved with building). A coffee plantation would be very nice, but there is little prospect of the Anum people being interested. Some have already started to plant coffee, but most only farm for the food they need, and hardly enough for that. The station is cut off from the other stations for a quarter of the year. He particularly wants to be able to speak to the people without an interpreter, but is finding it hard to get on with Twi because he hears it spoken so little. The workers on the site all speak Ga, and the people in the town Kyerepong. He had initially hoped for considerable success from the considerable time he was spending in street preaching, since his hearers were usually numerous and attentive. But no consciousness of the need for a saviour and rescuer showed itself, 'and it seemed especially hopeless when I was on the way back to the station, and there was a hellish noise to be heard in the town.’ Curiosity brings most people to listen to preaching, and the women hold themselves aloof still. ‘Most people seem to believe that our main object is trade'. On his preaching journeys the whole population of the towns and villages turns out to hear what he has to say, but there is little longing to hear the gospel. Kwabi was transferred away from Anum in October, at his own wish. He worked industriously, and wanted to learn Greek, since his training took place under the old conditions in which no Greek was learned. However, he could not remember or understand the Declensions, so 'I advised him to give up, and offered instead to work through one of the Epistles with him'. He suffered a little from the ‘chief mistake of our Mission' - the des1re to be paid for everything, the lack of readiness to do things willingly for the Lord's sake. Obobisa, the new catechist, is fresh from the Seminary and now has to prove himself. He knows more than Kwabi, and knows how to apply his knowledge in the school and in catechising. He also wants to learn some German, but he has had little time for that with his mornings taken up with the school, his late afternoons with the catechumens, and the job of teaching Müller Twi in addition. 9 people were baptised on New Year's Day 1867. Müller discusses each case in turn. 1. Maria Meansa, mother of Philip Kwabi, about 60 years old, from Ahudome, '5 hours east of Anum'. She asked for baptism first on Christmas Day - or rather, her son said that he believed that she was ready for baptism, and no more able to undertake instruction on account of her age. Müller could not bring himself to baptise someone who was quite uninstructed and quite untested. After that she attended services a number of times, but was then called back to Awudome to attend to a sick daughter. Every now and again she would reappear for short periods, and after about 6 months asked herself to be given baptismal instruction. After instruction: ‘I asked her if she believed Jesus Christ would accept her, and make her holy, she said she did, and did not trust in her own righteousness and right doing. I was convinced she said this for Christ's sake.’ During the course of baptismal instruction Müller learnt biographical details: As a girl she was captured by an Akwamu man, and sold into slavery in Akwapim. Of course, she could not marry: her master took her as a concubine, and she bore him children. ‘As she thought back over that period in her life, and told me about it, she could scarcely stop herself openly weeping: she must often have experienced blows and rough treatment'. She was, however, allowed to send one son to be educated as a catechist. When her husband, or master, died, she ought to have become the wife of one of his brother‘s. But she knew he was even crueller than her old master, and since she was still in the land of her slavery, decided to flee back to her home town. Müller writes that he does not exactly know what happened afterwards, though he does know that the case came up before the Government she was declared free, though her children were only to become free if they bought their freedom. 'I tried to show her that this time in slavery was the way of Salvation for her, since her children had become Christians because of her being in Akwapim, and so had she through her son Philip; but she could scarcely understand she was so consumed with grief.‘ 2. Michael Kwami Sai, son to Maria Meansa: announced himself as a catechumen in 1866. On his first visit with this news Müller asked him why he wanted to be baptised. He replied that he wanted forgiveness for his sins. ‘I asked him what sins - and after a long hesitation he replied that he had committed adultery.’ He had in fact received some baptismal instruction in Akropong, but led a dissolute life, returned to his home town, and 'sank still further'. At Anum at first he was not ready enough to accept teaching, nor obedient enough, but accepted Müller's correction. Aged 25. 3. Friedrich Bernhard Akrofi from Late - had been Müller's house boy for a year. 15 years old, no living parents. His relatives had given him to the Mission to bring up. Had a good knowledge from his schooling in Late, and with his firmness, Müller baptised him very readily. 3. Joseph Kwami Dapa aged about 13 from Anum. Very ready to be instructed in Baptismal Classes; willing to perform whatever tasks he was given unlike his fellows, no thief; has permission from his relatives for his baptism; is somewhat undergrown. He has already helped Müller explain bible pictures, a job he enjoys, while his fellow pupils are ashamed to try. Another baptism on Easter Day 1866 — Robert Obodai, son of David Obodai and a heathen wife. The father is one of the Ga Christians in Anum. Of the Christians in Anum from the Ga and Akwapim areas they attend services regularly, and know how to pray. One, a trading servant from Ada is a true Christian, praising God openly when he has the opportunity. The others, however, are lukewarm and slack, would spend the whole Sunday together drinking Palm wine if given the opportunity and in their own affairs make almost no difference between Christian and heathen. Müller gives some extended account of the contents of his baptismal instruction. 'On the basis of (an explanation of) God's law I showed them what sin is from God's point of view, and what God wants from us, and so began an examination of their own lives. Then they were given instruction about the Saviour, his conception and birth, and his story to the time of his ascending the throne of glory, and his being the only means of salvation for this them in their sinful state. I also showed them that it was only on account of his spilt blood that their sins could be forgiven and that they could receive the Holy Ghost: only because of him could they receive new hearts and be made children of their heavenly father. So they should cast themselves entirely on Jesus, must love him more than anything in the world, hate their own lusts, and in everything surrender themselves to him. If they wanted all that I would baptise them. They wholeheartedly agreed, and when I asked them again why they wanted to be baptised, they mostly answered: They had acknowledged that God's Word is true, and in it is written. He who believes and is baptised will be made holy'. That their faith is still weak cannot be doubted, but I truly believe that in their hearts there is a living longing for Grace, and so I decided to baptise them.’ There is an extended comment by Josenhans on this report. 1. He notes the opposition of the lack of farming of the mission land and the unhealthiness which Müller believes the grassland vegetation brings with it. Could not men be brought in from other stations who would cultivate the mission land, perhaps not paying rent, but anyway not being paid for their work, simply farming for themselves? 2. He reckons Müller's worry about the lack of response his preaching gets is simply a result of his weakness in Twi - in a year or two he and the people will understand each other, and then the re5ponse will be more positive. 3. Since the Anums all speak Kyerepong, when Müller has learned Twi he should devote his attention to learning this other language also, though he should already be asking advice of missionaries who are expert in language questions on the subject of Kyerepong. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18b.VIII..3 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18b - Ghana 1866: D-01.18b.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Müller's Annual Report for 1866