310 20 77825 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 02.02.1864 Proper date: 02.02.1864 Description An account of the resource From the Basel Mission's point of view Anum is the best cotton market in the upper Volta region. Though Boso market gets a lot of cotton, the amounts are in fact less than what comes to Anum, and Boso is further from the river. Uncleansed cotton can just as easily be carried to Anum as sold in Boso, and much cotton does indeed come through Boso to Anum already. It would not be advisable to propose Pekyi as a Basel Mission station, partly because it is an old Bremen station. There must be a lot of cotton in Pekyi market, judging by the fine cotton farms which the Commission (i.e. the Mission's exploratory party) passed en route from Boso to Pekyi. Pekyi must be at least 4 1/2 hours from the river. Advises that, for thus the future, the best road from Anum to the river would be to the place from which you cross to Pese. This road would have to be prepared by taking a different line it could avoid having to pay the fetish tolls being levied now. The more frequently used road goes to the small Anum village of Dodi, but this has the disadvantage that it crosses a steep-sided hill. There is another way to the river from Anum - via Owlutoi (probably Ofletoi) to Asadsale (Asutscharee). It crosses no hills, and is important when the Akwamus block the river below Pese, but it is 14 hours long. It is also only practicable in its low—lying parts in the dry season. There are already small cotton-cleaning machines in Anum and Pekyi. Larger cleaning-machines, and balers, could be taken to Anum (a) When the water level on the Volta is higher than in the Harmattan (b) When the road to Anum from the Pese crossing has been made. Once the machines are in Anum it will probably become the best market for cotton, and therefore the best place for the residence of the Agent of the Handelsgesellschaft. Anum would also be the best place for a mission station. It is the healthiest town in the district, lying high, but not so high as to be impracticable. Admittedly it is a little lower than Akropong (probably - he had no barometer with him), and the proximity of the river would make for greater humidity in the wet season. However, in this district the bush is kept down by the annual practice of burning the high grasses. Anum lies at the end of the district inhabited by the East-Volta Kyerepong people, but in all probability the population would be drawn towards a trading centre on or near the river. He visited the Kyerepong towns of Nkrakubew, Kwasitia, Anum, Toseng, Boso and Dodi. Together the population of these must number 10,000 to 12,000. But Anum contains #4,000 of these. Boso is the political capital - the chiefs of Boso and Anum are sons of the same father. Boso has a smaller population than Anum — c2,500. The character of this people pleased him. They are capable of learning, and keen to do so. They have a mind for industry and trading, are true to their religious traditions, and place a great deal of trust in the external power of their fetishes. They are a religious people, thus. In a conversation with the 'King' (presumably the chief of Anum) Strömberg asked what he had done to prepare to meet the threats of the Asantes, and he replied that they had made offering to the fetishes. Strömberg then told him he believed that fetishes were nothing, and could not help anyone, and the chief replied 'You just I teach us, and we will do what you say'. Certainly the people thronged around whenever the missionaries preached. And they all understood them, since they all understand Twi and speak it themselves. It would be good also to use Anum as a base for preaching among the Akwamus. This Twi—speaking tribe is shrinking in number, faced with severe problems and morally in decay. In comparison the Anums are morally increasing in stature. (He writes a final paragraph arguing against siting a new station on a hill which stands near the Volta between Dodi and the Pese crossing. One reason worth nothing: one of the most important Anum fetishes is located on this hill, and it would involve a lot of difficulty securing permission to settle there.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..3 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Charles Strömberg: Opinion as to the best place for a trade- and missionstation on the upper Volta Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.02.1864 Proper date: 20.02.1864 Description An account of the resource Describes the route he followed (not all the party went this way) – Dauromadam - Ogoli (1 hour), then North East via Tyampong and Ananse to the R. Labo, to Awlotoi (6-7 hours from Dauromadam). At Awlotoi Zimmrmann’s party met Strömberg and Mader who had taken a route from Asadsohale. Awlotoi — Nkwakubew - Kwasitia - Anum (5-6 hours). Anum — Dodi (1 1/2 hrs). Downstream on the Volta to Awurahai, then past the mouths of the Afram and Apasa to Pese. From Pese to Anum. Anum - Toseng - Boso (2 1/2 hours) - the 7 Pekyi towns (notably Blengo, the capital) (2—2 1/2 hours, route crossing a hill with many cotton farms) - Anum (2 hours). Of the rapids on the Volta, only those at Senkyi are difficult. Both banks of the Volta are under Akwamu control between Dauromadam and Dodi. Most Akwamu villages are on the right (east) bank, or on islands. There are only a few on the on left bank. The Akwamu capital is surrounded by hills. The Accra plains are 20 hours ‘deep’ (North-South) at the Volta. There are some deep valleys, fertile and well-peopled sides, but on the whole the plains are empty grass, poorly supplied with water. They produce building wood from fan-palms, wild indigo, and wild shes—butter. From Asadsohale to Ada both banks of the Volta are occupied by Ewes (Ayigbes), and the left bank is also inhabited by Ewes as far north as Ogoli. To the east two Adangem tribes live among the Ewes - the Agotime and Siagodsi peeple. These have migrated out of Adangme country. Like the Ewes these two groups grow cotton which they weave themselves still. But they could easily take their cotton down to the coast if there were a market for it. The going rate for head-loading 50lbs from Anum to Duromadam or Asadsohale is 4 – 4 1/2. Repeats the point that Pekyi is a Bremen area. Gives a population of 11,000 Kyerepongs in the Anum area, with Anum at 4,000, and Bose 3.000. The small villages on the Volta - Dodi, Asabi etc. - are of mixed population. Pekyi has political control of this Kyerepong group. Advises Basel Mission settlement both on account of trade advantages, and because of the relationship between these Kyerepongs and the people of Akwapim - it is a natural area for Basel Mission activity. An industrious farming people, cotton their main trading commodity, though indigo and shea-butter also grow wild, and are taken to market. Like their Akwapim cousins they show themselves ready for the gospel, have invited Zimmermann to work in their district in the past, and are now welcoming the Mission again, especially the young chief of Anum. To Strömberg's list of routes from Anum to the Volta adds one to Domabeng, via Nkwakubew. Cotton is brought to Anum from a circle of 2-4 hour radius. On the day he was writing 6—7 hundredweight of raw cotton had been brought in. Zimmermann's opinion is that Anum should become a main Basel Mission station, though (of Stromberg) he advises that the settlement should be on the hill near the Volta opposite Awurahai. Inter al he believes contact with Asantes will be forwarded by being so close to the river (he obviously sees Anum as potentially a stepping off point for work among Asante groups). He also believes it would be good not to be dependent on the Kyerepong people for easy contact with the Volta. Dauromadam should continue to be occupied by a native agent, as a stage in communications between Krobo and Anum. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..4 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource J. Zimmermann's Opinion to Strömberg's Report (No 3) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.02.1864 Proper date: 20.02.1864 Description An account of the resource Spells Strömberg’s and Zimmermann's ‘Asadsohale 'Asutyaree'. Zimmerman's party arrived at Awlotoi at 1 a.m. at the beginning of their journey into Anum country. 'The Ayigbe country and its capital Pekyi' is the home of the cotton brought out of the upper Volta country: and the area from which still more cotton can be obtained. On the other hand there is no cotton market by European standards in the district. Even in Pekyi's regular market, the cotton offered for sale is in small quantities. A cotton market could be built up around the provision of cleaning machinery. Cotton is already planted, e.g. by the Kyerepongs around Anum, but it is to be hoped that the area would be increased if trade opened up. Anum is as much of a cotton market as Pekyi, with Ayigbes bringing their cotton there for sale. Mader had travelled Asutyaree to Anum. This is a route used to by-pass Akwamu in wartime. Dodi is preferable to the Volta shore opposite Pese in that the village is built on a steep slope above the river and so is secure from floods, while the shore opposite Pese is low-lying, and the permanent settlement would probably have to be some distance away from the river. Dodi's disadvantage is that it is a Kyerepong town. In times of war the Akwamus would bar the Volta to people from Dodi. He gives a rather more extended town list in the Anum district (of Kyerepong towns, at least), with populations: Boso, 3,000, much cotton growing. Dodi, 800. The two Toseng villages, 1,200—1,400. Kwasitia, 4-500. Nkwakubew, 600. Anum, 4-5000. This group lives in its villages, and doesn't spread itself around the country in farming hamlets. He does not consider, if Anum is made the Basel Mission's main mission- and trading—post, that there is any danger in the foreseeable future that a settlement on the river will surpass it as a commercial centre. His summary judgement: Anum should be the new station, and the bank opposite Pese should be made the shipment point for goods conveyed on the river. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..5 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Mader's Opinion to Strömberg's Report (No 3) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 20.02.1864 Proper date: 20.02.1864 Description An account of the resource Present: Rottmann, Mader, J. Zimmerman (as substitute for Locher), Laissle, Strömberg (also as secretary); Meyer added in parentheses. Locher absent because of the severe illness of one of his children. Although the areas around the Pekyi district grow cotton for internal consumption, it is the Pekyi district which the missionaries identify as the real centre of cotton-production. By Pekyi District they mean Pekyi proper, the area inhabited by the Kyerepongs, and the Ho-Awudome district. The cotton packing machine cannot yet be brought to Anum firstly because of the difficulty of carrying it to Anum, and secondly because anyway cotton from Anum must still be head-loaded to the river. For the time being it should be located in Dauromadam. (The exact recommendations not noted in detail. A mission station should be set up at Anum, but there was uncertainty as to whether or not the Trading Post should be at Anum, or nearer the river. Emphasis that Dauromadam should remain as a staging post, occupied by a 'local agent'.) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..6 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Protocool of a Conference of the Commission Investigating the upper Volta District held in Anum Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Travelling from Okoli to Awletoi passed a series of Ewe villages with a total population or about 2,000: Jyampon (Tyanpon?), Bofeme, Anyanse, Awletoi. Enmity continues between the Pekyi-Anum-Ho alliance, headed by the Pekyi chief, and Akwamu, following the war in 1853 in which most of the Aburam towns (though excluding the capital) were driven onto the right bank of the river. To the list of Kyerepong villages adds Adebose, the first village on the road to Anum from Awletoi. Commenting on building possibilities in the Anum area, reports the local people do not use hardwoods. However, there are large numbers of fan-palms near the villages, from which the local people split beams which they call 'Coco'. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..2 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Laissle to Basel: Report on the Work of the Commission investigating the Upper Volta District Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 04.07.1864 Proper date: 04.07.1864 Description An account of the resource Committee's original plan: to send Rottmann, Fetzer and Meier to Anum. Meantime Meier had died, so Klaus had been added to the list. They regret that none of these is ordained, but accept that the shortage of missionaries enforces this. However, none of these three speaks Twi. Although they are being accompanied by a local commercial assistant, they also ask for a catechist to accompany them to Anum, and another catechist to be posted to work with the local commercial head of the Dauromadam station, Daniel Young. They realise that these suggestions will not be easy to implement because of the shortage of reliable local assistants in both branches of the work. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..8 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Comment written by Klaus on detailed Plans for the Occupation of Anum Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 30.06.1864 Proper date: 30.06.1864 Description An account of the resource Gives no very clear opinion over the question which troubles him: Dauromadam. Believes it is necessary to preserve Dauromadam as an intermediate point between Anum and the coast, but health-wise it really ought not to be under the care of a European. On the other hand it is very arduous getting to Dauromadam from Odumase in the wet season. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..9 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Schönhut (from Odumase): Opinion on the future of Duromadam Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 30.06.1864 Proper date: 30.06.1864 Description An account of the resource He argues that Dauromadam is necessary for Anum: but that also the local trade of the post could be built up. Suggests instead of a resident European that the local assistant who handles trade be joined by a catechist. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..10 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Fetzer's Opinion Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 03.10.1864 Proper date: 03.10.1864 Description An account of the resource Report of the initial settlement of Anum by himself, Fetzer, Klaus; with Philip Kwabi as Catechist (at the same time Fetzer put in charge of Dauromadam, where Cat. Adolph Briandt is to be posted as catechist to accompany Daniel Young from Akropong). Two canoe loads sent from Dauromadam to Anum, the first with 26 loads of baggage on about 30th August, the second 12 boxes, the 3 missionaries, 3 servants and Kwabi, on 5th September. The second canoe had a crew of 5. He reports Saturday and Wednesday as the fetish days on which it is not possible to begin a canoe journey. The canoe was mostly guided through the vegetation at the edges of the river, in order to avoid the full force of the downstream current. It was more a question of being pulled upstream as paddled (i.e. by the crew pulling at the branches of trees etc. standing in the water). As a result the journey was accompanied by ants dropping into the boat, and they saw several snakes. There were dangerous moments (presumably when the current threatened to catch them under a tree-branch) - on one occasion one of their servants was thrown into the water. They also saw several snakes in the bush. But they were rewarded for their trials (the worst was that they were unable to open their umbrellas most of the time to protect themselves from the rays of the sun) by the magnificent spectacle of the thickly wooded hills through which they were travelling, and the magnificent river. On the first day they stepped in Senkyi, where they were led to the chief, and old lame man who nevertheless received great respect from the people around him. They preached there. While they were doing this the canoe was being brought up over the Senkyi rapids. They had started out from Duromadam at 10a.m. The canoe reached the river above the Senkyi rapids only at 4 p.m. It gave clear evidence of what a hard struggle the rapids had been - several broken paddles, the canoe strewn with twigs broken off the trees and bushes. Recruiting two more paddlers, they managed to persuade their crew to struggle up to the village is of Timkuku (?) before nightfall. Next morning reached Akwamu at 9 a.m. This town has changed almost out of recognition since Rottmann‘s first visit - there is hardly a building which is not in ruins, including the palace of the 'king'. Before the Akwamuhene called them, they sat on the stem of a fallen tree before the door. While they sat there the Akwamuhene's Sword-bearer hurried past to call the elders to audience: soon the Elders appeared, accompanied by the stool-bearers. Then they were called to meet the Akwamuhene in a courtyard surrounded on all four sides by open halls. After giving the Akwamuhene and the three eldest of his advisers a passable present, the objiect of their journey was stated, and they were given a friendly welcome by the chief. He assured them of his protection, and arranged to send a messenger with them to the next village to make his will in the matter known. Before they left they were asked to preach. The elders listened intently, and asked urgently for a teacher for themselves since the Wesleyans had withdrawn. ‘We promised to pass their invitation on to our brothers and fathers: meantime advising them to build a little house which a teacher could occupy.’ They could not reach their destination that day, but slept in a farming hamlet on the left bank. Only at three o'clock on the next day did they land opposite Pese. Before arriving they had preached at a village on the right bank called Mem (?). They unloaded their loads, carrying them from the shore inland to a clearing in the bush, and leaving them in the care of two of their people. Then they walked for two hours to reach Anum. Two of them have sleeping rooms 9' square by 6-7' high: the other a room 6' square. For eating they have room 11'x9', though no table. The day after their arrival there was a large public meeting at which they were greeted, and explained the purpose of their coming. They also said they hoped to purchase land. They have already decided on a hill 10 minutes away from the town and hope to complete negotiations about this in the near future. They are spending most of their time with the learning of the language, and they preach regularly in the three quarters of the town. Kwabi should open a school the Monday following the sending of this report. The plan to visit Awurahai, the market for the Asantes, situated opposite to Dodi. The 'King' (Anum or Bose) has also made them aware of three sizeable Kyerepong villages upstream. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..12 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Hermann Rottmann to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 05.10.1864 Proper date: 05.10.1864 Description An account of the resource Describes the 'King' of Anum as young and extremely friendly. He visits them almost every evening. His palace appears rather poor. The chosen settlement site has a view to the north over wide plains 'partly Asante‘. They have already experienced several funeral customs in the area around their huts. His current work: clearing the bush. This proceeds slowly, since the people are not accustomed to working for long stretches - they have no need to. And they are not very interested in earning either. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..13 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Fetzer to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 05.10.1864 Proper date: 05.10.1864 Description An account of the resource A very outspoken paragraph on the uselessness of the Dauromodam settlement. He is trying to learn Kyerepong as well as Twi, since Twi is only the trade language Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..14 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Klaus to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 05.11.1864 Proper date: 05.11.1864 Description An account of the resource Appeals for an opportunity to return to Europe for convalescence: He is very weak, and suffering from open wounds on his limbs which will not heal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..15 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Hermann Rottmann to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 05.11.1864 Proper date: 05.11.1864 Description An account of the resource Rottmann's absence is discussed, and an emphatic request made for his replacement by a senior married brother. The latter partly because he and his wife would be so valuable in helping the younger missionaries through their acclimatisation period. Partly because with the new year they expect the cotton trade to develop, and they will simply have too few hands for everything there is to do, especially if one of them is sick for any length of time. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.16.VIII..16 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.16 - Ghana 1864: D-01.16.VIII. - Anum Title A name given to the resource Anum Stations Conference Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 12.01.1866 Proper date: 12.01.1866 Description An account of the resource Statistics - Christaller and Eisenschmid in Kibi with their wives, Kromer at Kukurantumi. Chr. Asante is the catechist at Kibi, Kromer is assisted by teacher Andreas Ewyi. At Kibi Jonathan Palmer is Christaller's language informant. At Kibi the community numbers 25 (20 in previous year) with 16 communicants and 5 catechumens. The school numbers 14, with 8 boarders. In Kukurantumi the numbers in the community have dropped from 13 to 12, with 7 communicants and 3 catechumens. There are 13 boys in the school, 4 of whom are boarders. Apart from the schoolboys coffee plantations (now at c900 trees) there is no farming on any scale on mission land - only gardens. In the course of the year they preached in Adadeentam, Apapam, Asiakwa, Sekyedumase, Tete, Tafo, Ati and Pano. Chr. Asante was a younger brother of the Akropong chief Boafo who died in August of the year. Adolph Burkhardt resigned from the mission. The Kibi baptisms were made up of 3 youths, 2 boys, 1 older girl (an Akwapim servant of Christallers's.). The elder who went back to Osu was called Abr. Atitshogbe. There was one exclusion. The adult non-communicants (of whom there were several) had not been brought forward to baptism on account of long absences from the station. Vis-a-vis the heathen little progress - they can be convinced of the illusoriness of their fetishes and admit that the truth is all on the side of the mission, but that still does not bring them to break with the thousand-year chains of heathens. One problem is that property and status is measured in slaves, though the status of the latter is not too oppressive - many of them have little if not nothing to do for their masters. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VII..32 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Christaller's Report on the District in the Year 1865 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 15.01.1866 Proper date: 15.01.1866 Description An account of the resource The Christians had only at the end of 1865 decided to settle themselves on Mission Land. Teacher Ewyi is a Kukurantumi man, and though he has many good qualities is too timid about getting into conflict with Kukurantumi families to exercise proper discipline in the school. Kromer depicts his task on first settling in Kukurantumi as reuniting the members of the community and also says that this aspect of his work displeased the heathens. There were instances of outright persecution, and the chief showed an inclination to get the mission out of the town. There was on one occasion soon after Kromer's arrival a fight which people were regarding as being between Christian and heathen, though the occasion for it was an elder's decision to fight rather than have the Kukurantumi chief seize a slave from his house who had run there for refuge. One of the sons of the elder was a Christian, and he had responded to the call as soon as it was made. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VII..33 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Kromer's Annex to the Kibi Year's Report, concerning Kukurantumi Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 02.09.1865 Proper date: 02.09.1865 Description An account of the resource It is a first report of the fight between Christians and fetish-servers also mentioned in his report for 1865 (see No. 33). The two descriptions of the event tally: and in this report the detail is added that he actually heard the anti-Christian party calling 'Suman somfo mra ha' as they gathered their forces. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VII..21 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Kromer to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 16.09.1865 Proper date: 16.09.1865 Description An account of the resource Includes a comment on Abraham Atitsogbe that he had cleared debt of 50 dollars since Eisenschmid had come to Kibi (4 years), and had also bought for himself the tools he needed to carry on his trade. His house-boy, Wilhelm Dapa, aged 19, has just refused to accept a heathen girl offered him by his father for marriage. Eisenschmid is worried about this, however, on the score of the difficulty involved in finding Christian wives for Akim Christians - his wife has tried to tackle this problem by taking Akim girls as servants but the two so far employed have stayed away after a while. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VII..24 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Eisenschmid's Report for the Third Quarter of 1865 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: 30.09.1865 Proper date: 30.09.1865 Description An account of the resource His account of the Kukurantumi troubles (he was called there by Kromer in late August) is that there was a meeting of the people inter al. about the passage of the laws which the heathen party resolved on after the fight (mentioned in No. 33 and 21) in order to deter people from becoming Christian. At this the Kukurantumi chief took the side of the Christians to the extent that he refused to force the Christians to drink fetish. He reports that reading and discussing the contents of “Bilder aus der Missionswelt” (except that the subjects were the King of Dahomey's Amazons, the capture of slaves, the wild country of New Zealand) he was surrounded by a large crowd of people, predominantly young men. The second part of the report is mostly concerned with the land case between Asiakwa (involved through its villages Asafo and Nmease) and Kukurantumi. Christaller's material being based on a transcript of evidence provided for him by Jonathan Palmer (his language informant). The primary material seems to be based on attendance of a meeting in late July - it is said to have been first written down on 31st July. An Asafo representative, Afirim, said that their lord was Duodu of Asiakwa. Someone in Asafo had a case with Duodu because his brother, a Fante, had committed a crime and was executed - or someone had a case with Duodu because his brother, a Fante had, been unjustly handled by Duodu, and committed suicide, so that there was a fine of 720 Spanish thalers part of which was laid on the people of Asafo. They then recalled that they possessed some land in Akwapim, and decided to sell it to cover the debt. So they set out for Ahabante. Christaller adds in parenthesis that this was a village in the Akim area, but belonging to Akwapim. The Akwapim people pay the chief of Kukurantumi a tribute for the palm-oil which they make on his land, Nyante, the chief of elder of Ahabante being responsible for this. In Ahabante Nyante said to the Asafo people that he had never heard of the Kukurantumi lands bordering with any others in the area, but he would send to ask the Ampaw (of Kukurantumi) and if the Asiakwa people had land there, then they could sell it. On this Ata Kwaku, Ampaw's nephew and heir, arrived in Ahabante who immediately swore an oath in Ampaw's name that the Kukurantumi lands stretched from Ahabante to Akim. At this the case was taken before Kwadade in Akropong to whom the case was given, since Akropong was nearer to the land in question and thus people could more easily set about deciding where the boundaries were etc. Kwadade sent messengers who looked at the land, and decided that the land near Mampong Bewase belonged to Asafo. And they made a formal statement to this effect, and levied the thanks-fee on the Asafo representatives. The Okyenhene received half of this fee since the Akwapim chief took on the case on his instructions, and is also subordinate to him, and calls him uncle. The Asafo representative then said that their forefathers had owned the land which Ampaw was now trying to retain and made it over to Ampaw in former times when the land had little worth. Since Ampaw had been trying to deprive them of the little that remained to them, they laid claim to the whole of the land. Part of this debt which wished to sell the land to pay came from money which Ampaw took from the costs for settling the dispute which created the debt. Kwadada replied that that was nothing to do with him, his part was simply to send messengers to the Okyenhene to tell him what his judgement had been over the ownership of the land. At this point (in the Kibi hearing), Ampaw was asked why he had sent his nephew to swear the oath? Ampaw replied that he had only sent his nephew to look after his interests and swear the oath if it was necessary to prevent the Kukuranumi people selling land which did not belong to them, instead of which he went about things too rashly. Then said the Akim people - the king's elders, 12 from Kibi and 30 from 3 neighbouring places function as the people’s representatives. The Akwapim people had to sit on this case and incur expenditure, all because of an ungrounded oath, and the Asafo people had expenses, Ampaw should settle these (Christaller notes in parentheses that they were really wanting to bring Ampaw into debt). At this messengers were sent into Akwapim and came back with the reply that the Akwapims reckoned their costs at 144 dollars – which Ampaw accepted. The elders then told him to give the Asafo people 45 dollars as pacification, and dash them a further 18 dollars a sheep and some rum. Altogether in fact the expenses levied from Ampaw came to 7 pereguan or 252 thaler. This was assembled, but then the Asafo people indicated that if they were to be filly pacified, he must pay them an additional ntansa (=108 thaler) which would bring the payment up to 10 pereguan or 360 thaler or £81. If he were to do this they would go with him to the land and divide a portion of it for him, so that he could make use of it. Ampaw them swore Wukuda and Kwanyako (these two are explained only as being in the first case the day on which an Akim king unnamed suffered a disaster, and the second a place 'in fante' where a much loved king had died of small-pox) that he would not hand the land over to the Asafos - they would have to fight for it. At this, the whole negotiations have broken down, and Ampaw returned to Kukurantumi (After an eight months period in Kibi). Christaller adds that in the manuscript Palmer noted that in Akwapim this kind of conflict would not have taken place, since Kwadade would have claimed to be the owner of the land, and enforced his rights - the Akim king is too weak. He also adds as Palmer's comment that the Kukurantumi people had the reputation in Akim of being avanicious, since a stranger staying there has to collect his own water, plantains etc. to eat, and they are also renowned getting more gold from people than they ought. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VII..25 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Christaller's Report for the Third Quarter of 1865 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date early: December 1865 Proper date: December 1865 Description An account of the resource The Kukurantumi-Asafo land case has been settled, and it seems that Eisenschmid was at least an intermediary in the matter since he interviewed the Asafo chief on the subject when he was en route for Kukurantumi, heard that he was prepared to settle for 12 Pereguan (36 dollars) for the land, carried this message to Ampaw the day after everything was peacefully settled. The bulk of the report concerns the 9 people recently baptised in Kukurantumi and Kibi. Eisenschmid remarks as a preface that as a missionary Lechler had said in Basel, they have no conversion history. 1. Josua Abisaw (Kukurantumi). Dedicated to the fetish before his birth because of the frequency with which his mother's previous children had died. On this account he had to appear before the fetish priest from time to time smeared in white and offering 1 shilling - he also became the priest's drummer. As a boy he was pawned to Samang for 8 dollars. His uncle redeemed him but treated him harshly and like a slave; his reward for working in fact went to his master. At the time of his baptism he had been re-pawned for 18 dollars. He sighed for freedom and peace neither of which could find in the service of the fetish, and as a rest was prepared for the Christian message and has asked for baptism. 2. Moses (Yaw) Badu had been pawned on the death of his father to someone in Enginaseng between Kukurantumi and Asiakwa for 18 dollars to pay the expanses of the funeral custom. Then a man advanced him the debt, and he worked for him afterwards, paying it off little by little. Not long after he had paid off the debt he returned from Accra with a load to be met with a threat of death from the fetish which was bought off only by an offering of 4 dollars. This prepared him for accepting the Christian's teachings - he is now a carpentry apprentice with Kromer. 3. Paul Teaseye. A son of Ampaw by a slave-wife. His uncle is also a slave of Ampaw's, and his linguist. When the uncle could not pay his debts Ampaw allowed him to pawn Ampaw's son for 36 dollars to someone in Osiem. He was very badly treated there so that his uncle had pity on him and paid the debt, and he has been in Kukurantumi for the last two years, quite well handled, but obliged to give all his service to his uncle. To help pay off the town debt incurred during the dispute with Asafo there had been a plan to pawn this man again, and in these circumstances he attached himself to the Christian community and received instruction. (All the above from Kukurantumi - the cases following from Kibi). 4. Wilhelm David (earlier Kwaku Kese) c18-19 years old, had stayed with his brother in Cape Coast for a time while the latter was at school, and though ill there had decided on his return to gain learning himself. Against his father's will he came to the school 18 months before, and Eisenschmid is very positive about his knowledge, conviction of the truth of 'evangelical religion' and inner determination to be a Christian. He is from Sarmang. 5. Joseph (he is from the same place as Kwaku Dako) aged 13-14, and with 3 1/2 years in the boarding part of the school-- not much gifted but with a good grounding at in biblical history and resolution. 6. Noa Asante, a crippled youth with a bone illness. 7. Georg Otemeng, about 23 years old, mother from Asiakwa and father from Kibi. He attached himself to the missionaries from their first arrival, and had often carried loads for them from Accra and worked as a handy-man. They had only baptised him after long and anxious consultations, including conversations with Jakobo and Mose Teko, the latter because they had deliberately set him to work as handy-man alongside Otemeng in order to get some idea of his current conduct, since he had a very bad reputation among the heathen. However, both advised in favour, so he was baptised. 8. Jonathan Asumany, son of an Asante now dead, his mother from Apapam and he were pawned to a Kibi elder called Kwasi Amoake. Now c 20 years old, but known to the missionaries for a long time. He had been in the school till his master forbade it, and his master increased the pressure later in order to prevent him becoming a Christian. The missionaries visited the latter, and asked him not to hinder the conversion of the man - like many Christians he would serve him after baptism, only better. His body would still be the man's property, but his soul had not been sold, he was answerable for that to God for himself. The master then allowed his baptism, and agreed that the man should he free from work on Sundays - though on his baptism he took the case to the king who declared that the man should pay his master 1 sheep satisfaction. Eisenschmid writes that though it would be very desirable from the man's point of view to be freed to establish a precedent known both to slaves and masters he was glad that in this case at this time this has not occurred. 9. Sophia Dede, ex-pupil of the Girls' Boarding School in Aburi, now Christaller's servant. Eisenschmid says about them all that they are still children (he presumably means in the faith) who must be tenderly advised and brought up if they are to be sturdy Christians. He gives no guarantee of their future course. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.17.VII..31 Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.17 - Ghana 1865: D-01.17.VII. - Akim Title A name given to the resource Eisenschmid to Basel Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D-01.18a.II. Subject The topic of the resource [Archives catalogue]: Guides / Finding aids: Archives: D - Ghana: D-01 - Incoming correspondence from Ghana up to the outbreak of the First World War: D-01.18a - Ghana 1866 Title A name given to the resource Ga District / Christiansborg